| 模拟酸雨及氮沉降对马尾松林土壤细菌群落结构及其多样性的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1507 全文点击 481 投稿时间：2022-04-28 修订日期：2022-07-02 |
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| 中文关键词 酸雨 氮沉降 马尾松林 土壤细菌 群落结构 |
| 英文关键词 acid rain nitrogen deposition Masson pine forest soil bacteria community diversity |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 通过分析酸雨和氮沉降对马尾松林土壤细菌群落结构及多样性的影响，探究马尾松林对环境胁迫的响应机制，为天目山国家自然保护区资源管理和保护提供理论参考依据.于2017~2021年在浙江省临安天目山国家级自然保护区设置4个酸雨和氮沉降模拟梯度［即pH 5.5和0 kg ·（hm2 ·a）-1，CK；pH 4.5和30 kg ·（hm2 ·a）-1，T1；pH 3.5和60 kg ·（hm2 ·a）-1，T2；pH 2.5和120 kg ·（hm2 ·a）-1，T3］.使用Illumina MiSeq PE300二代高通量测序平台对4种处理土壤细菌16S rDNA进行测序，分析不同处理土壤细菌群落组成和结构的差异及其影响因素.结果表明，酸雨和氮沉降显著降低了马尾松林土壤细菌α多样性（P<0.05）.马尾松林土壤由36个门类的菌群组成，酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）为马尾松林土壤的主要细菌门类（相对丰度>1%）.Flavobacterium、Nitrospira、Haliangium、Candidatus_Koribacter、Bryobacter、Occallatibacter、Acidipla、Singulisphaera、Pajaroellobacter和Acidothermus属相对丰度变化显著，可作为酸雨和氮沉降胁迫下土壤细菌群落变化指示种.土壤pH和总氮是土壤细菌群落多样性的两个主要影响因子.由此可见，酸雨及氮沉降降低马尾松林土壤细菌群落多样性，微生物多样性的损失将改变生态系统的功能，降低了生态系统的稳定性. |
| 英文摘要 |
| By analyzing the effects of acid rain and nitrogen deposition on the structure and diversity of soil bacterial communities, the response mechanism of Masson pine forests to environmental stress was investigated, providing a theoretical reference basis for resource management and conservation in Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve. Four treatments of the simulated acid rain and nitrogen deposition were set up in 2017 to 2021 in Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve (pH value of 5.5 and 0 kg·(hm2·a)-1, CK; pH value of 4.5 and 30 kg·(hm2·a)-1, T1; pH value of 3.5 and 60 kg·(hm2·a)-1, T2; pH value of 2.5 and 120 kg·(hm2·a)-1, T3). The differences in soil bacterial community composition and structure among treatments and their influencing factors were analyzed by collecting soils from four treatments, using the Illumina MiSeq PE300 second-generation high-throughput sequencing platform. The results showed that acid rain and nitrogen deposition significantly reduced soil bacterial α-diversity (P<0.05) in a Masson pine forest. The Masson pine forest soils consisted of 36 phylum groups of mycota, with Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi as the main bacterial phyla (relative abundance>1%) in the Masson pine forest soils. Flavobacterium, Nitrospira, Haliangium, Candidatus_Koribacter, Bryobacter, Occallatibacter, Acidipla, Singulisphaera, Pajaroellobacter, and Acidothermus, which showed significant changes in relative abundance under the four treatments, could be used as indicator species for changes in soil bacterial communities under acid rain and nitrogen deposition stress. Soil pH and total nitrogen were influential factors in the diversity of soil bacterial communities. As a result, acid rain and nitrogen deposition increased the potential ecological risk, and the loss of microbial diversity will change the ecosystem function as well as reduce the stability of the ecosystem. |
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