| 微塑料暴露对小棒短指软珊瑚(Sinularia microclavata)共附生细菌群落结构和功能的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1297 全文点击 393 投稿时间：2022-03-09 修订日期：2022-07-08 |
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| 中文关键词 微塑料 共附生细菌 群落结构 功能预测 软珊瑚 |
| 英文关键词 microplastics symbiotic bacteria community structure function predictions soft coral |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘敏 | 海南热带海洋学院, 崖州湾创新研究院/海南省近岸海洋生态环境过程与碳汇重点实验室/海南省现代化海洋牧场工程研究中心/生态环境学院, 三亚 572022 | minliu@hntou.edu.cn | | 车文学 | 海南热带海洋学院, 崖州湾创新研究院/海南省近岸海洋生态环境过程与碳汇重点实验室/海南省现代化海洋牧场工程研究中心/生态环境学院, 三亚 572022 | | | 曾映旭 | 海南热带海洋学院, 崖州湾创新研究院/海南省近岸海洋生态环境过程与碳汇重点实验室/海南省现代化海洋牧场工程研究中心/生态环境学院, 三亚 572022 | | | 边伟杰 | 海南热带海洋学院, 崖州湾创新研究院/海南省近岸海洋生态环境过程与碳汇重点实验室/海南省现代化海洋牧场工程研究中心/生态环境学院, 三亚 572022 | | | 吕淑果 | 海南省环境科学研究院, 海口 571126 | shuguolv@163.com | | 穆军 | 海南热带海洋学院, 崖州湾创新研究院/海南省近岸海洋生态环境过程与碳汇重点实验室/海南省现代化海洋牧场工程研究中心/生态环境学院, 三亚 572022 | 2240254374@qq.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 微塑料在海洋环境中分布广泛，对海洋生物（包括珊瑚）健康产生危害，然而，目前有关微塑料对珊瑚影响的研究非常有限，其造成影响的具体机制还不清楚.因此，选取海洋环境中常见的微塑料PA，对小棒短指软珊瑚（Sinularia microclavata）进行7 d的微塑料暴露模拟实验，利用扩增子高通量测序技术分析微塑料暴露不同时间对珊瑚共附生细菌多样性、群落结构和功能的影响.α-多样性随微塑料暴露时间的变化先降低后上升，β-多样性和群落组成分析皆表明：微塑料暴露引起珊瑚共附生细菌群落结构发生改变，并且随着暴露时间不同，细菌群落组成也随之变化.共检测到49个门、152个纲、363个目、634个科和1390个属.在门水平上，Proteobacteria在所有样品中都是优势类群，但在各样品的相对丰度不同；微塑料暴露使Proteobacteria、Chloroflexi、Firmicutes、Actinobacteriota、Bacteroidota和Acidobacteriota丰度增加；在属水平上，Ralstonia、Acinetobacter和Delftia是微塑料暴露后珊瑚共附生细菌的优势类群.PICRUSt功能预测表明，微塑料暴露使菌群的信号转导、细胞群落-原核生物、外源物质生物降解及代谢和细胞运动功能降低.BugBase表型预测表明，微塑料暴露使珊瑚共附生菌群的3种表型（致病性、厌氧和氧化胁迫耐受）发生变化.FAPROTAX功能预测表明，微塑料暴露导致珊瑚共附生细菌与宿主的共生关系、碳和氮的循环及光合作用等功能发生显著变化.研究可为微塑料对珊瑚影响的机制和微塑料生态毒理学提供基础数据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Microplastics are widely distributed in the marine environment and are harmful to the health of marine organisms (including corals). However, studies on the impact of microplastics on coral have been very limited, and the specific mechanism of their impact is not clear. Therefore, in this study, microplastic PA, which is common in the marine environment, was selected to conduct a 7-day microplastic exposure experiment on Sinularia microclavata. The effects of microplastic exposure at different times on the diversity, community structure, and function of the symbiotic bacterial community of coral were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology. The α-diversity of the symbiotic bacterial community of coral first decreased and then increased with the exposure time of microplastics. The analysis of β-diversity and microbial community composition showed that microplastic exposure caused significant changes in the symbiotic bacterial community of coral, and the bacterial community composition also changed with the exposure time. A total of 49 phyla, 152 classes, 363 orders, 634 families, and 1390 genera were detected. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria was the dominant taxa in all samples, but the relative abundance varied among samples. Microplastic exposure increased the abundance of Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, and Acidobacteriota. At the genus level, Ralstonia, Acinetobacter, and Delftia were the dominant taxa of symbiotic bacteria of coral after microplastic exposure. PICRUSt functional prediction indicated that functions of the coral symbiotic bacterial community, including signal transduction, cellular community prokaryotes, xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, and cell motility, decreased after microplastic exposure on coral. BugBase phenotype predictions indicated that microplastic exposure altered three phenotypes (pathogenic, anaerobic, and oxidative stress-tolerant) of the coral symbiotic bacterial community. FAPROTAX functional predictions indicated that microplastic exposure caused significant changes in functions such as the symbiotic relationship between coral symbiotic bacteria and the host, carbon and nitrogen cycling, and photosynthesis. This study provided basic data on the mechanism of microplastic impacts on corals and microplastics ecotoxicology. |
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