| 室内建筑装饰装修材料气味物质及其释放研究进展 |
| 摘要点击 2149 全文点击 705 投稿时间：2021-01-30 修订日期：2021-04-05 |
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| 中文关键词 建筑材料 气味污染物 嗅觉阈值 臭氧 二次释放 |
| 英文关键词 building materials odorants odor threshold ozone secondary emission |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 室内建筑装饰装修材料释放的污染物可能导致气味，是消费者抱怨室内空气质量的主要原因.目前，针对室内建材气味污染物识别、定量及其释放规律的研究较少.本文总结了近年来室内气味物质的分析测定方法，梳理了已有研究中有关石膏、木质材料、油毡、地毯、塑料、橡胶、人造革、涂料和胶粘剂等9类建筑装饰装修材料释放的气味污染物的研究结果，列出了各类材料可能的致嗅物质及其嗅觉阈值，最后对加强室内气味污染研究和控制提出了建议.本研究发现，尽管不同建筑材料气味污染评价方法不统一，嗅觉测定法却是主要的评价方法.此外，虽然建筑材料释放的气味物质组成差异大，但建筑材料随时间老化和臭氧氧化时产生的气味物质主要为含氧基团的化合物，如醛、酮和酸等. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The emission of pollutants from building decoration and furbishing materials associated with unpleasant odors is the main reason for complaints relating to poor quality indoor air. Currently, few studies have focused on the identification of odorants and the quantification of emissions from these building materials. Here, we summarize the analytical methods available for the study of indoor odorants and evaluate existing understanding of odorants from nine kinds of building materials, namely plaster board, wood-based materials, linoleum, carpets, plastics, rubber, artificial leather, paints, and adhesives. The possible odor-causing compounds emitted by these different materials and their odor threshold values are identified. Finally, suggestions are proposed for future research and control measures to minimize indoor odor pollution. Overall, olfactometry is the most important tool for odor analysis desite the non-standardized application of the technique when used in the assessment of odor emissions from building materials. In addition, there are large differences in the reported patterns of odorant emissions from building materials, although oxidized substances such as aldehydes, ketones, and acids are frequently identified in association with the aging of the materials via processes such as oxidation and ozone degradation over time. |
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