| 不同外源硒对镉污染土壤中小白菜生长及镉吸收的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2155 全文点击 691 投稿时间：2020-09-02 修订日期：2020-09-24 |
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| 中文关键词 镉 污染土壤 外源硒 小白菜 光合作用 转运 |
| 英文关键词 cadmium contaminated soil exogenous selenium pak choi photosynthesis translocation |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘杨 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 | hideyyy@nwsuaf.edu.cn | | 齐明星 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 王敏 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 刘娜娜 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 | | | Pornpimol Kleawsampanjai | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 周菲 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 翟辉 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 王梦柯 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 任蕊 | 陕西省水工环地质调查中心, 西安 710068 | | | 梁东丽 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100
农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | dlliang@nwsuaf.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究不同外源硒对镉的解毒作用的差异，并为土壤镉污染控制与农作物安全生产提供科学依据.采用土培盆栽试验，对比了不同施用量（0、0.5、1.0和2.5 mg·kg-1）的亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐施入天然镉污染土壤，对小白菜生长（根长、株高、生物量和光合指标）及镉吸收、转运的影响.结果表明，低硒处理（≤1.0 mg·kg-1）对镉的解毒作用优于高硒处理（2.5 mg·kg-1），亚硒酸盐对镉的解毒作用大于硒酸盐.其中，外源施入≤1.0 mg·kg-1的亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐均提高了小白菜的SPAD值、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度及生物量和株高，且以1.0 mg·kg-1亚硒酸盐处理的效果最为显著（胞间CO2浓度除外）；而高硒处理小白菜的各光合指标均显著低于低硒处理（蒸腾速率除外，P<0.05）.与未施硒处理（对照）相比，各硒处理均降低了小白菜对镉的吸收.其中，施入1.0 mg·kg-1的亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐使得小白菜地上部的镉含量较对照处理分别显著降低了40.0%和20.5%（P<0.05），但当施硒量为2.5 mg·kg-1时两种外源硒均促进了镉向地上部转运，使更多的镉累积在小白菜的地上部.总之，施入适量外源硒对土壤镉有一定的解毒作用，表现为小白菜生物量的提高和镉的积累下降.推荐施用1.0 mg·kg-1的亚硒酸盐用于镉污染土壤中镉的控制及安全利用. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study explored the discrepancy in the detoxification effects of different exogenous selenium (Se) species in cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil to provide a scientific basis for the control of Cd pollution in the soil and the safe production of crops. A pot experiment was conducted to compare the effects of different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 mg·kg-1) of selenite and selenate on the growth (root length, shoot height, biomass, and photosynthetic parameters), uptake, and translocation of Cd on pak choi in Cd-contaminated soil. The results indicated that the detoxification effect of a low Se concentration (≤1.0 mg·kg-1) treatment on Cd was better than that with a high Se concentration (2.5 mg·kg-1) treatment, and the selenite treatment demonstrated a greater detoxification effect on Cd than the corresponding selenate treatment. Meanwhile, the application of low-concentration selenite and selenate both increased the SPAD value, Pn, Gs, Ci, biomass, and shoot length of the pak choi, and the 1.0 mg·kg-1 selenite treatment had the most significant (P<0.05) effect (except Ci). Nevertheless, the photosynthetic parameters of the pak choi under the high-concentration Se were significantly lower than those under the low Se concentration treatment (except Tr, P<0.05). Compared with the treatment without Se (control), the uptake of Cd in the pak choi was reduced under different Se treatments. Compared with the control, the Cd concentration in the shoots of the pak choi treated with 1.0 mg·kg-1 of selenite and selenate decreased by 40.0% and 20.5% (P<0.05), respectively. In addition, the translocation of Cd from the root to the shoot was significantly reduced under the 0.5 mg·kg-1 selenate treatment, while the high-concentration treatments of either exogenous Se promoted the translocation of Cd. Overall, applying the appropriate amount of exogenous Se could promote the photosynthesis and biomass of pak choi, and reduce the accumulation of Cd in pak choi. Therefore, the 1.0 mg·kg-1 selenite treatment is recommended for the control and safe utilization of Cd in Cd-contaminated soil. |
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