| 黄河三角洲盐碱土根际微环境的微生物多样性及理化性质分析 |
| 摘要点击 2218 全文点击 761 投稿时间：2019-08-05 修订日期：2019-10-10 |
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| 中文关键词 盐碱地土壤 耐盐植物 根际微环境 土壤理化性质 土壤微生物多样性 |
| 英文关键词 saline-alkali soil salt-tolerant plants rhizosphere microenvironment physical and chemical properties of soil microbial diversity |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 土壤盐碱化是限制全世界农业发展的主要问题.在盐碱土壤上种植盐生植物和耐盐植物可以对盐碱土壤进行脱盐，而盐碱土壤中的微生物对盐生植物和耐盐植物的生长起着重要作用.本研究在盐碱地上选取玉米、棉花、盐地芦苇和盐地碱蓬这4种有代表性的植物，采集土壤样品，探究植物根系与非根系主要细菌群落与土壤理化性质和盐碱土壤微生物多样性的关系.结果表明，盐地碱蓬的根系微生物在一定程度上影响了土壤的pH，土壤中的盐度与土壤营养物质呈明显的负相关关系.所有土壤样品中相对丰度较高的前5个细菌门均为变形菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、绿弯菌门和酸杆菌门.其中，棉花、芦苇和盐地碱蓬中根系土壤与非根系土壤耐盐菌门存在较大差异，分析高通量测序结果可以得出3种植物根系与非根系土壤中差异较大的耐盐细菌属，如棉花土壤中差异较大的Actinophytocola和Lechevalieria，芦苇土壤中差异较大的Bacillus和Filobacillus，以及盐地碱蓬土壤中的Echinicola.本研究可为盐碱地中接种促进植物生长的微生物提供理论依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Soil salinity and alkalinity are major problems that limit agricultural development across the world. The planting of halophytes and salt-tolerant plants could improve saline-alkaline soil character, while the microorganisms in saline-alkali soils play an important role in the growth of halophytes and salt-tolerant plants. In this study, four representative plants of maize, cotton, Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud, and Suaeda salsa were selected in saline-alkali soil. Soil samples were collected to explore the relationship between the main bacterial communities of roots and non-roots and the physical and chemical properties and soil microbial diversity of saline-alkali soil. The results showed that the root microorganisms of Suaeda salsa affect the pH of the soil to some extent, and the soil salinity is negatively correlated with the soil nutrient content. The top five bacterial gates with higher relative abundance in all soil samples were α-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroides, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria. Cotton, Phragmites australis(Cav.) Trin. ex Steud, and Suaeda salsa have large differences in salt-tolerant bacteria between root soils and non-root soils. High-throughput sequencing results show that salt tolerance is different between the three plant roots and non-root soils. Bacterial genus, such as Actinophytocola and Lechevalieria, differ greatly in cotton soil, Bacillus and Filobacillus differ greatly in Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. soil, and Echinicola differ greatly in the soil of Suaeda salsa. This research can provide a theoretical basis for promoting plant growth in saline-alkali soil. |
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