| 生物样品中微塑料的提取、定性与定量方法研究进展 |
| 摘要点击 3094 全文点击 620 投稿时间：2024-07-18 修订日期：2024-10-15 |
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| 中文关键词 微塑料（MPs） 生物样品 提取 定性分析 定量分析 |
| 英文关键词 microplastics （MPs） biological samples extraction qualitative analysis quantitative analysis |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202407196 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李敏 | 扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 扬州 225009
上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市土壤污染控制与修复工程技术中心, 上海 200233 | molulimin@yzu.edu.cn | | 王妃平 | 扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 扬州 225009 | | | 陈子奇 | 扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 扬州 225009 | | | 李昕宇 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市土壤污染控制与修复工程技术中心, 上海 200233 | whut253690@163.com | | 刘海龙 | 扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 扬州 225009 | liuhailong@yzu.edu.cn | | 王小治 | 扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 扬州 225009 | | | 张婉莹 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市土壤污染控制与修复工程技术中心, 上海 200233 | | | 许健 | 扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 扬州 225009 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 微塑料（MPs）通常指直径或长度小于5 mm的塑料碎片、颗粒或纤维,是一种对生态环境产生显著影响的新污染物. MPs广泛存在于土壤、地表水、海洋和大气中,并且能够通过吸收或摄食等方式进入生物体内,在生物体内积累的同时,能够随食物链进行传递,进而对更高营养级的生物甚至人类的健康产生威胁. 生物体内MPs的类型和含量的确定对于了解MPs在生物体内积累及其潜在的生态风险具有重要意义. 因此,学者结合国内外相关研究,将研究视角聚焦在生物样品,从生物样品的采集、样品中MPs的提取（消解和消解溶液中MPs的分离）、MPs的定性和定量方法这4个方面,分别分析了各种方法的基本原理、最佳适用条件以及优缺点等. 在此基础上,提出了将不同的检测分析方法联用,提高检测精度,是生物样品中MPs检测分析这一领域的未来研究方向. 同时,今后应进一步加强生物样品前处理和检测分析等技术的标准化研究. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Microplastics （MPs）, which usually refer to plastic fragments, particles, or fibers with a diameter or length of less than 5 mm, are contaminants of emerging concern （CECs） that have a significant impact on the ecological system. MPs have been widely detected in the soil, surface water, ocean, and atmosphere. These MPs could accumulate in organisms via absorption and/or ingestion, transfer along the food chain, and ultimately pose a threat to the health of higher trophic organisms and even human beings. Therefore, the determination of MPs types and contents in organisms is important for understanding the accumulation of MPs in organisms and their potential ecological risks. Hence, in this study, we focus on the analysis of MPs in biological samples. After researching the domestic and foreign literature, the basic principles, suitable application conditions, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each method used in four processes of MPs analysis, including biological sample collection, MPs extraction （including the digestion of biological samples and separation of MPs from digestion solutions）, and qualitative and quantitative analysis, were discussed. On this basis, a combination of different analysis methods is proposed to improve the detection accuracy of MPs analysis in biological samples, which requires further investigation in the field of MPs analysis in biological samples. Meanwhile, more efforts should be exerted on the investigation of the standard method used in biological sample pretreatment and MPs analysis. |
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