| 不同尾水受纳河流中PFASs的赋存特征、生物累积及生态风险 |
| 摘要点击 3226 全文点击 607 投稿时间：2024-06-03 修订日期：2024-09-20 |
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| 中文关键词 全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFASs） 尾水受纳河流 赋存特征 生物累积 生态风险 |
| 英文关键词 perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl substances （PFASs） effluent receiving river occurrence characteristics bioaccumulation ecological risk |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202406018 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFASs）是一种持久性有机污染物,被广泛应用在皮革防污处理和消防灭火材料等产品中,多种途径进入环境介质威胁生态安全. 以5条不同类型尾水受纳河流为研究区域,调查了PFASs在河流水和鱼体内的赋存特征,评估了其环境风险. 结果表明,PFASs在尾水受纳河流中广泛存在, ρ（ΣPFASs）范围为37.44~167.37 ng·L-1,城市综合尾水和机场雨水是PFASs的主要污染源,而短链PFASs是主要污染类型,污染贡献率为58.7%. PFASs在肉食性鱼类鲫鱼（Carassius auratus）中的累积潜能最大,含量达到136.87 ng·g-1,是黄颡鱼（Tachysurus fulvidraco）的 1.5倍和泥鳅（Misgurnus anguillicaudatus）的9.6倍. 鱼体脑和肝脏是PFASs的主要累积器官,含量（以干重计）达到217.49 ng·g-1和166.8 ng·g-1,其次是肌肉、鳃和肠. 六氟丙烯氧化二聚酸（GenX）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）具有较高的生物累积风险,平均生物累积潜能（lgBAF）达到4.14 L·kg-1和3.91 L·kg-1. PFASs呈现低混合风险（RQ<0.080）,全氟辛酸（PFOA）是最主要的风险贡献者,贡献率为75.31%,而摄食鱼类对人体健康风险较低. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl substances （PFASs） are a type of persistent organic pollutants, which are widely used in leather anti-fouling treatment and fire extinguishing materials and threaten ecological security by entering environmental media in many ways. In this study, the occurrence characteristics of PFASs in river water and fish were investigated and their environmental risks were evaluated in five different types of rivers receiving different effluent. The results showed that PFASs were widely present in the receiving rivers, and the total concentration of PFASs ranged from 37.44 ng·L-1 to 167.37 ng·L-1. Urban comprehensive tail water and airport rainwater were the main pollution sources of PFASs, while short-chain PFASs were the main pollution types, with a pollution contribution rate of 58.7%. The accumulation potential of PFASs in carnivorous fish （Carassius auratus）was the highest, with a concentration of 136.87 ng·g-1, which was 1.5 times higher than that of yellow catfish （Tachysurus fulvidraco） and 9.6 times higher than that of loach （Misgurnus anguillicaudatus）. The brain and liver were the main accumulation organs of PFASs, with contents of 217.49 ng·g-1 and 166.8 ng·g-1, followed by the muscle, gill, and intestine. Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimeric acid （GenX） and perfluorooctane sulfonate （PFOS） had a high bioaccumulation risk, and the average bioaccumulation potential （lgBAF） was 4.14 L·kg-1 and 3.91 L·kg-1, respectively. PFASs showed a low-to-medium mixed risk （RQ < 0.080）. Perfluorooctanoic acid （PFOA） was the most important risk contributor, with a contribution rate of 75.31%, while fish consumption had a low risk to human health. |
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