| 自组织神经映射网络（SOM）结合PMF模型解析某湿地公园沉积物金属来源 |
| 摘要点击 2796 全文点击 702 投稿时间：2024-06-13 修订日期：2024-10-16 |
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| 中文关键词 滨海湿地公园 表层沉积物 金属污染评价 自组织神经映射网络（SOM） 正定矩阵因子分解（PMF） 来源解析 |
| 英文关键词 coastal wetland park surface sediments assessment of metal pollution self-organizing map（SOM） positive matrix factorization（PMF） source apportionment |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202406138 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 评价湿地沉积物金属污染现状及生态风险并分析其来源,对保障湿地的正常生态功能和可持续发展具有重要意义. 为研究由围堰养殖场和农田改建而来的某滨海湿地公园是否存在金属污染问题,在公园内采集26个表层沉积物样品,分析测定金属元素（Li、Be、V、Cr、Co、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、As和Mn）的含量,结合空间分布特征,采用地累积指数、污染负荷指数以及潜在生态风险指数对研究区域进行金属污染评价,利用相关性-聚类分析、自组织神经映射网络（SOM）和正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）解析金属元素的来源及其贡献率. 结果表明：①研究区表层沉积物中金属元素含量平均值均超过福建省土壤元素背景值,Cd和Zn的变异性较强,受人为影响显著；②地累积指数、污染负荷指数和潜在生态风险指数评价结果表明,该公园整体处于低、中污染等级,其中Li和Zn的积累程度较大,而Cd的潜在生态风险达到了较高水平；③综合相关性-聚类、SOM和PMF分析表明11种金属污染来源可划分为3类,其中Cr、Cu、Zn和Pb主要源于交通源（29.72%）,Li、Be、Mn、V、Co和As主要源于自然源（44.89%）,Cd和Zn则主要来源于农业活动（25.39%）. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Evaluating the metal pollution status and ecological risks in wetland sediments, as well as identifying the sources, is essential for safeguarding the ecological functionality and sustainable development of wetlands. This study examined a coastal wetland park, converted from a dike fishery and farmland, to assess potential metal pollution. Within the park, 26 surface sediment samples were collected, and the concentrations of metals （Li, Be, V, Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, and Mn） were analyzed. Using the geo-accumulation index, pollution load index, and potential ecological risk index, we assessed metal pollution in the area. Additionally, the sources and contributions of metals were deciphered through correlation-clustering analysis, self-organizing map （SOM）, and positive matrix factorization （PMF）. The results indicated： ① The average concentrations of metals in the sediment exceeded the background values of soils in Fujian Province, with Cd and Zn showing significant variability and evident anthropogenic influence. ② The pollution assessment results revealed that the park generally exhibited low to moderate pollution level, Li and Zn were identified as the most accumulated metals, while Cd presented a higher potential ecological risk. ③ The combination of correlation-clustering, SOM, and PMF categorized the sources of the 11 metals into three groups： Cr, Cu, Zn, and Pb were predominantly from traffic sources （29.72%）； Li, Be, Mn, V, Co, and As were mainly from natural sources （44.89%）； and Cd and Zn were substantially from agricultural activities （25.39%）. |
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