| 太行山区生态网络结构特征分析及格局优化 |
| 摘要点击 282 全文点击 4 投稿时间：2025-07-24 修订日期：2025-11-02 |
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| 中文关键词 生态系统服务（ESs） 生态网络 复杂网络 生态格局优化 太行山区 |
| 英文关键词 ecosystem services（ESs） ecological network complex network ecological pattern optimization Taihang Mountains |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202507327 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 郎宇 | 河北农业大学国土资源学院, 保定 071000 | l717256@163.com | | 张长春 | 河北农业大学国土资源学院, 保定 071000
河北农业大学乡土文化与乡村治理研究中心, 保定 071000
河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 保定 071000 | changchun_zhang@hebau.edu.cn | | 陈瑶 | 河北农业大学国土资源学院, 保定 071000 | | | 胡丰 | 中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院, 北京 100083 | | | 胡国浩 | 河北农业大学国土资源学院, 保定 071000 | | | 赵苑 | 河北农业大学国土资源学院, 保定 071000 | | | 孟凯龙 | 河北农业大学国土资源学院, 保定 071000 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 生境破碎化已成为威胁山地生态系统完整性的全球性挑战. 太行山区作为华北地区的重要生态屏障，在快速城市化和气候变化叠加作用下，面临景观破碎化加剧和生态网络连通性衰退等严峻挑战. 以“源地识别-廊道提取-网络优化”为主线，集成生态系统服务（ESs）功能评估、形态学空间格局分析和电路理论与复杂网络理论，系统揭示2000~2020年太行山区生态网络的时空格局演变特征及其拓扑结构特征，并在此基础上提出分区优化管理方案. 结果表明：①从复杂网络的视角来看，生态网络呈现出“枢纽依赖-边缘脆弱”的空间格局. 基于度、接近度、介数和特征向量中心性这4项拓扑指标的分析，发现7%的高重要性节点主导着整个网络的稳定性. ②生态网络的闭合度、线点率和连接度呈持续下降趋势，20 a间分别从0.849、2.564和0.901降至0.747、2.386和0.833，网络连通性与冗余度逐渐降低. ③鲁棒性分析显示，生态网络在面临蓄意攻击时展现出显著的脆弱性，移除高重要性节点会导致网络连通性急剧下降. ④基于生态网络拓扑结构分析，遵循核心节点优先保护、廊道冗余建设、结构-功能协同以及跨行政区统筹的生态网络优化原则，提出多尺度生态网络分区协同优化方案. 将太行山区划分为核心保护区、优先修复区、边缘提质区和风险防控区，针对各分区存在的生态问题，制定差异化的修复策略，实现“节点-廊道-分区”多尺度协同优化，可为山地生态系统适应性管理提供理论创新与实践指导. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Habitat fragmentation has emerged as a global challenge threatening the integrity of mountain ecosystems. As a crucial ecological barrier in North China， the Taihang Mountains face severe challenges such as intensified landscape fragmentation and a decline in ecological network connectivity that have emerged as consequences of rapid urbanization and climate change. This study follows a main thread of "source identification-corridor extraction-network optimization，" by incorporating evaluations of ecosystem services（ESs） function assessment， morphological spatial pattern analysis， circuit theory， and complex network theory. It systematically reveals the spatiotemporal pattern evolution and topological structural features of the ecological network in the Taihang Mountains from 2000 to 2020 and proposes a zoning-optimized management plan based on these findings. The results indicate that： ① From the standpoint of complex networks， the ecological network exhibited a spatial configuration of "hub dependency-edge vulnerability." Analysis based on four topological indicators─degree， closeness， betweenness， and eigenvector centrality─revealed that 7% of the highly important nodes dominated the stability of the entire network. ② The closure degree， line-to-point ratio， and connectivity of the ecological network were on a continuous downward trend， decreasing from 0.849， 2.564， and 0.901 to 0.747， 2.386， and 0.833 over a span of 20 years， respectively. The network connectivity and redundancy were gradually diminishing. ③ Robustness analysis revealed that the ecological network exhibited significant vulnerability when facing deliberate attacks； the removal of high-importance nodes led to a steep decrease in network connectivity. ④ By analyzing the structural arrangement of the ecological network， the principles of prioritizing core node protection， constructing redundant corridors， achieving structure-function synergy， and coordinating across administrative regions are proposed to optimize the ecological network. A strategy for multi-scale partitioning and collaborative optimization of the ecological network is proposed. The Taihang Mountains are divided into core conservation areas， priority restoration areas， marginal quality improvement areas， and risk prevention areas. Differentiated restoration strategies are formulated for the ecological issues existing in each partition， realizing multi-scale collaborative optimization of "nodes - corridors - partitions，" offering theoretical insights and practical direction for the adaptive management of mountain ecosystems. |
