| 黑河流域土地利用变化与景观生态风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 338 全文点击 5 投稿时间：2025-09-04 修订日期：2025-11-10 |
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| 中文关键词 土地利用变化 景观格局 景观生态风险 空间自相关 黑河流域 |
| 英文关键词 land use change landscape pattern landscape ecological risk spatial autocorrelation Heihe River Basin |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202509051 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 黑河流域作为西北干旱区关键生态屏障，其景观生态系统的稳定性对流域可持续发展具有重要意义. 研究基于1990~2023年4期遥感影像数据，以土地利用变化为切入点，耦合景观干扰度-脆弱度-损失度模型构建黑河流域景观生态风险评价体系，揭示了33 a间流域在土地利用变化驱动下的景观生态风险演变特征. 结果表明：①1990~2023年黑河流域土地利用变化呈现“垦殖-失衡-修复”特征，核心表现由开发向保护转变. ②黑河流域景观生态风险形成“北高南低”的纬度梯度分异和“下游>中游>上游”的纵向层级结构空间分异格局. ③黑河流域景观生态风险平均值由0.063 3升至0.068 7后开始下降至0.064 6，整体呈现“先升后降”的倒U型演变轨迹，景观生态风险与土地利用变化具有明显的空间一致性，生态环境逐步恢复. 因此，黑河流域的土地利用变化是驱动生态风险演变的关键因素，通过生态风险分区调控引导土地利用变化，进而降低景观生态风险，对流域的可持续发展具有积极意义. |
| 英文摘要 |
| As a key ecological barrier in the arid region of Northwest China， the stability of the landscape ecosystem in the Heihe River Basin holds significant importance for the sustainable development of the basin. Based on four periods of remote sensing data from 1990 to 2023， this study takes land use change as the entry point and constructs a landscape ecological risk assessment system for the Heihe River Basin by coupling the landscape disturbance-vulnerability-loss model. It reveals the evolution characteristics of landscape ecological risk in the basin driven by land use changes over 33 years. The results indicate： ①From 1990 to 2023， land use changes in the Heihe River Basin exhibited a "reclamation-disequilibrium-restoration" pattern， with the core trend shifting from development to protection. ②The landscape ecological risk in the Heihe River Basin formed a latitudinal gradient differentiation of "high in the north and low in the south" and a longitudinal hierarchical spatial differentiation pattern of "downstream > midstream > upstream." ③The average landscape ecological risk in the Heihe River Basin increased from 0.063 3 to 0.068 7 before declining to 0.064 6， presenting an inverted U-shaped trajectory of "first rising then falling." Landscape ecological risk and land use changes showed significant spatial consistency， with ecological conditions gradually recovering. Therefore， land use changes in the Heihe River Basin are a key factor driving the evolution of ecological risks. By guiding land use changes through ecological risk zoning regulation to reduce landscape ecological risk， positive implications for the sustainable development of the basin can be achieved. |
