| 基于景观生态风险-生态环境质量耦合的流域生态功能分区：以三川河流域为例 |
| 摘要点击 292 全文点击 7 投稿时间：2025-08-12 修订日期：2025-11-12 |
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| 中文关键词 景观生态风险（LER） 生态环境质量（EEQ） TIA框架 熵权法 四象限模型 |
| 英文关键词 landscape ecological risk（LER） eco-environmental quality（EEQ） TIA framework entropy weight method four-quadrant model |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202508121 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 黄土高原丘陵沟壑区小流域长期受自然与人为扰动，使得生态系统稳定性与服务功能持续受迫，亟待构建科学的分区治理框架以提升精准生态治理效能. 耦合景观生态风险（LER）与生态环境质量（EEQ）评估体系，构建了三川河流域生态功能分区框架. 采用景观指数法生成LER空间分布图；通过熵权法整合土壤保持（SC）、产水服务（WY）、景观破碎度（LF）、生境质量（HQ）、固碳服务（CS）、人口分布（POP）及植被覆盖（NDVI）这7项指标，构建TIA-EEQ评价框架；在此基础上，引入四象限模型将LER与EEQ栅格单元映射至“风险-质量”二维空间，科学划分生态高危待修复区（高LER-低EEQ）与低风险高质量保护区（低LER-高EEQ）. 结果表明：①1990~2023年，流域LER整体呈“西高东低”的分布格局，其中高风险区面积缩减8.25%，低风险区面积增加达23.32%；②EEQ时空变化显著，1990~2010年呈改善态势， 2023年则显著下降，空间上呈现东部高值区、中西部过渡带和沿河耕地低值区的圈层结构；③基于“风险-质量”象限分析，识别出西部水系和耕地集中区为生态高危待修复关键区域，东部林区为低风险高质量保护重点区域. 该耦合分区结果能够为流域差异化生态保护策略提供空间靶向决策支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Persistent combined disturbances in the Loess Plateau's small watersheds chronically stress ecosystem stability and services， urgently requiring zoning-based governance frameworks for precision ecological management. This study coupled the landscape ecological risk （LER） and eco-environmental quality （EEQ） assessment systems to construct an ecological functional zoning framework for the Sanchuan River Basin from 1990 to 2023. The spatial distribution of LER was generated using landscape pattern indices， while the TIA-EEQ evaluation framework integrated seven indicators （soil conservation， water yield， landscape fragmentation， habitat quality， carbon sequestration， population distribution， and NDVI） through entropy weighting to calculate EEQ. A four-quadrant model was then employed to map LER and EEQ grid cells into a “risk-quality” two-dimensional space， systematically identifying ecological high-risk restoration zones （high LER-low EEQ） and low-risk high-quality conservation areas （low LER-high EEQ）. The results demonstrate that： ① From 1990 to 2023， LER exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity， showing a general “higher in the west， lower in the east” pattern， with high-risk areas decreasing by 8.25% and low-risk areas increasing by 23.32%. ② EEQ displayed notable spatiotemporal variations， improving from 1990 to 2010 but declining significantly by 2023， forming a concentric structure with high-value zones in the east， transitional belts in the central-western region， and low-value agricultural areas along rivers. ③ The quadrant analysis identified western river networks and cropland clusters as key ecological restoration hotspots， while eastern forested regions were prioritized for conservation due to their low-risk， high-quality characteristics. This work can provide spatially targeted decision support for developing differentiated ecological protection strategies in the watershed. |
