| 若尔盖国家公园景观格局与生态系统服务关联性及优化策略 |
| 摘要点击 574 全文点击 10 投稿时间：2025-06-23 修订日期：2025-09-28 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 国家公园 生态系统服务（ES） 景观格局（LP） 若尔盖 约束线 |
| 英文关键词 national park ecosystem services（ES） landscape pattern（LP） Zoige constraint line |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202506264 |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 提升国家公园生态系统服务（ES）对维持生态系统可持续性至关重要，景观格局（LP）在其中扮演关键角色. 现有研究多关注LP对ES的空间影响，而对该影响强度与ES大小之间的关联性还尚不清晰，可能导致政策干预错配及成本无效投入. 因此以若尔盖国家公园为例，结合ES评价法、相关性分析法和约束线法等，综合分析2000~2020年研究区LP与ES（水源涵养AWY、土壤保持SC、生境质量HQ和碳储量CS）的动态变化特征，并基于2020年数据探讨LP对ES的影响，最后通过识别LP对ES的影响强度与ES大小的关联性，提出LP优化策略，推动ES切实有效地提升. 结果表明：①AWY和SC整体水平较高且提升明显，CS增长速率下降，而HQ呈现退化趋势；②研究区景观破碎化加剧，草地和湿地斑块优势性下降；③研究区4种ES受到9种LP指数不同程度的影响，其中西部与北部地区受到影响最大；④LP对ES的影响强度与ES大小之间存在阈值效应，约束线主要为凹波型、指数型和正U型. 其中AWY和CS增加时，影响强度先减后增，HQ和SC则与之相反. 综上可知，优化研究区LP能够有效提升ES，但需要综合考虑LP对ES的影响强度及其与ES大小的关联性才能取得显著地提升成效. 研究结果可为国家公园生态修复优先级判定提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Enhancing ecosystem services （ES） in national parks is essential for maintaining ecosystem sustainability， and landscape pattern （LP） plays a key role in this. Existing studies have mostly focused on the spatial impact of LP on ES， while the correlation between the intensity of this impact and the size of ES remains unclear， which may lead to the mismatch of policy interventions and ineffective investment of costs. Taking Zoige National Park as an example， combining the ES evaluation method， correlation analysis method， and constraint line method， we comprehensively analyze the dynamic change characteristics of LP and ES [annual water yield （AWY）， soil conservation （SC）， habitat quality （HQ）， and carbon storage （CS）] in the study area from 2000 to 2020 and explore the impact of LP on ES based on the data in 2020. Finally， by identifying the correlation between the intensity of LP's impact on ES and the size of ES， LP optimization strategies were proposed to promote the effective and efficient enhancement of ES. The results show that： ① The overall levels of AWY and SC were high and obvious， the growth rate of CS decreased， and HQ showed a trend of degradation. ② The landscape fragmentation in the study area increased， and the dominance of grassland and wetland patches decreased. ③ The four types of ES in the study area were affected by the nine types of LP indices to varying degrees， with the western and northern areas being affected the most. ④ The strength of LP's impacts on ES had a threshold effect on the ES size； and the constraint lines were primarily concave wave-shaped， exponential， and positive U-shaped. When AWY and CS increased， the influence intensity decreased and then increased， while HQ and SC showed the opposite. In summary， it can be seen that optimizing LP in the study area can effectively enhance ES， but it is necessary to comprehensively consider the intensity of LP's influence on ES and its correlation with ES size to achieve significant enhancement results. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for the prioritization of ecological restoration in national parks. |
