| 近40 a河北省耕地土壤有机碳时空分布特征及其固碳潜力测算 |
| 摘要点击 1492 全文点击 17 投稿时间：2025-06-27 修订日期：2025-09-30 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤有机碳（SOC） 固碳潜力 耕地 土壤剖面 时空分布 影响因素 河北省 |
| 英文关键词 soil organic carbon（SOC） carbon sequestration potential cultivated land soil profile spatiotemporal distribution influencing factors Hebei Province |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202506324 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 探究粮食主产区全剖面（0~120 cm）耕地土壤有机碳密度（SOCD）和土壤有机碳储量（SOCS）时空分布特征、影响因素及其固碳潜力，对区域农业可持续发展与农田碳管理具有重要意义. 基于河北省第二次土壤普查数据（1980年）与2020年实测耕地土壤剖面数据，估算河北省不同土壤深度与不同土壤类型下耕地SOCD和SOCS，揭示河北省耕地土壤有机碳（SOC）时空分布特征，运用地理探测器模型分析SOC的影响因素，通过饱和值法估算耕地土壤固碳潜力. 结果表明：①1980~2020年，河北省表层（0~20 cm）、中层（20~70 cm）和深层（70~120 cm）耕地SOCD平均值分别增加0.511、0.340和0.599 kg·m-2. 空间分布上，40 a间冀中南地区的北部、南部和西部耕地SOCD呈现增加趋势，唐山市的南部、张家口市和承德市的北部耕地SOCD呈现减少趋势. 从各个土壤类型来看，全剖面土壤中潮土、褐土、栗钙土和栗褐土耕地SOCD增加，棕壤耕地SOCD减少. 影响因素方面，年均降水、年均气温、归一化植被指数、pH和全氮在不同分层的解释力呈现差异性，任意两个影响因子的交互作用对耕地SOCD变化量的解释力均比单因子的解释力强，呈现非线性增强或双因子增强的特征. ②中层耕地SOCS占比高，表层和深层耕地SOCS呈现明显增长趋势. 1980~2020年，中层耕地SOCS约占全剖面耕地SOCS的40%~45%，40 a间表层和深层SOCS增加值分别占全剖面耕地SOCS增加值的35.24%和41.31%. 潮土和褐土作为河北省主要的土壤类型，全剖面耕地SOCS之和分别占两期全剖面耕地总SOCS的73.35%和75.65%. ③河北省耕地整体表现为“碳汇”区，全剖面耕地土壤固碳潜力为148.762 Tg，表层、中层和深层耕地土壤固碳潜力分别为46.740、38.117和63.905 Tg，占比分别为31.42%、25.62%和42.96%. 未来应进一步提升河北省表层和深层及主要土壤类型耕地SOC，并考虑影响因子之间产生的复合效应，以期提高区域土壤固碳能力与粮食生产能力. 研究可为精准实施农田碳管理提供数据支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Exploring the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics， influencing factors， and carbon sequestration potential of soil organic carbon density （SOCD） and soil organic carbon stock （SOCS） in the whole profile （0-120 cm） of cultivated land in major grain-producing areas is significant for regional agricultural sustainable development and farmland carbon management. Based on the data of the second soil survey in Hebei Province （1980） and the measured soil profile data of cultivated land in 2020， we estimated the SOCD and SOCS in cultivated land in Hebei Province at different soil depths and under different soil types. We revealed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon （SOC） in cultivated land in Hebei Province， analyzed the influencing factors of SOC using a geographic detector model， and estimated the carbon sequestration potential of cultivated land soil using the saturation value method. The conclusions are as follows： ① From 1980 to 2020， the average values of SOCD in surface soil （0-20 cm）， middle soil （20-70 cm）， and deep soil （70-120 cm） in Hebei Province increased by 0.511， 0.340， and 0.599 kg·m-2， respectively. In terms of spatial distribution， the SOCD in the northern， southern， and western regions of central-southern Hebei showed an increasing trend， while SOCD in the southern part of Tangshan City， Zhangjiakou City， and the northern part of Chengde City showed a decreasing trend during the 40 years. From the perspective of each soil type， the SOCD increased in fluvo-aquic soils， cinnamon soils， castanozems， and castano-cinnamon soils and decreased in brown earths in the whole soil profile. In terms of influencing factors， the explanatory power of annual precipitation， annual temperature， normalized difference vegetation index， pH， and total nitrogen varied across different layers. The interaction between any two influencing factors had a stronger explanatory power for changes in SOCD than either factor alone， exhibiting non-linear enhancement or two-factor enhancement characteristics. ② From 1980 to 2020， the SOCS in the middle soil accounted for approximately 40%-45% of total SOCS in the whole profile. During the 40 years， the increases in SOCS of the surface layer and deep layer accounted for 35.24% and 41.31% of the total increase in SOCS of the whole soil profile， respectively. As the main soil types in Hebei Province， the sum of SOCS in fluvo-aquic soils and cinnamon soils accounted for 73.35% and 75.65% of total SOCS in the two periods， respectively. ③ Cultivated land in Hebei Province was a “carbon sink” area. The soil carbon sequestration potential of cultivated land in the whole profile of Hebei Province was 148.762 Tg， with the carbon sequestration potentials of the surface， middle， and deep layers being 46.740， 38.117， and 63.905 Tg， respectively， accounting for 31.42%， 25.62%， and 42.96% of the total. In the future， we should further enhance the SOC in cultivated land in Hebei Province， including surface and deep layers and major soil types， taking into account the combined effects of influencing factors， with a view to improving regional soil carbon sequestration capacity and grain production capacity. The study can provide data support for the precise implementation of farmland carbon management. |
