| 1982~2022年中国不同气候区植被覆盖度时空演变特征及驱动力分析 |
| 摘要点击 602 全文点击 20 投稿时间：2025-06-23 修订日期：2025-10-05 |
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| 中文关键词 植被覆盖度（FVC） 典型气候区 气候变化 时空分析 驱动机制 |
| 英文关键词 fraction of vegetation cover（FVC） typical climate zones climate change spatial and temporal analyses driving mechanisms |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202506274 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 探究中国不同区域植被覆盖度时空动态变化及其地形效应，对维护生态环境和防治水土流失等具有重要意义. 研究基于AVHRR GIMMS-3G+ NDVI产品计算中国1982~2022年植被覆盖度，结合Theil-Sen-Mann-Kendall检验、Hurst指数、CV检验和地理探测器等方法，评估中国4个气候区域FVC的时空演变规律及其驱动机制. 结果表明：①1982~2022中国年均FVC空间上呈现“东南高、西北低”的分布格局，多年平均FVC值为0.317 7，整体呈现波动上升的趋势，其中温带季风气候区贡献最大；②1982~2022年中国FVC总体保持较高稳定性，平均CV值为0.061 2，高植被覆盖区通常具有更高的稳定性. Hurst指数显示中国植被覆盖未来整体呈现良性发展趋势，但持续退化区域仍占8.88%；③构建中国FVC空间分布格局的驱动单因子主要为降雨量、土壤湿度和气温，重要性分别为0.769 2、 0.558 1和0.436 4，生态工程一定程度上逆转了土地退化，但极端气候周期仍可能突破生态系统的恢复阈值；④降雨量和土壤湿度与其他因子间的耦合效应是中国植被生长首要驱动因子. 温带季风气候区作为“三北”防护林和京津冀风沙源等生态工程主导区证明人为干预能够明显提升植被覆盖；在高寒青藏高原气候区，大型河流沿线尤其是雅鲁藏布江流域等生态脆弱区，人类活动对区域微气候水分循环结构的干扰进一步限制了其生态恢复能力. 研究旨在为区域差异化的生态恢复策略制定提供理论支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to maintain the ecological environment and prevent soil erosion， it is of great significance to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of vegetation cover across different regions of China as well as the topographical effects of such dynamics. This study calculates vegetation cover from 1982 to 2022 across China by using AVHRR GIMMS-3G+ NDVI. Utilizing such methods as the Theil-Sen-Mann-Kendall test， Hurst index， CV test， and geographic detector， this study assesses the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of FVC in China's four climate regions， as well as the driving mechanisms of such patterns. It was found that： ① From 1982 to 2022， China's annual average FVC exhibited a spatial distribution pattern of “high in the southeast and low in the northwest.” With a multi-year average FVC value of 0.317 7， an overall fluctuating upward trend was shown， and the temperate monsoon climate zone made the most contribution. ② From 1982 to 2022， FVC across China generally maintained high stability， with an average CV value of 0.061 2. Areas with high vegetation coverage typically exhibited higher stability. The Hurst index indicated that the vegetation coverage in China is expected to manifest an overall positive trend in the future， but the areas undergoing continuous degradation will still account for 8.88%. ③ The primary single factors driving the spatial distribution patterns of FVC across China included precipitation， soil moisture， and temperature， with significance coefficients of 0.769 2， 0.558 1， and 0.436 4， respectively. Ecological engineering has reversed land degradation to some extent； nevertheless， extreme climate cycles may still overtake the ecosystem's recovery threshold. ④ The coupled effects between precipitation and soil moisture versus other factors were the primary drivers of vegetation growth in China. In the temperate monsoon climate zone of China， as the primary regions for such ecological engineering projects as the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Sandstorm Source Control Project， it has been demonstrated that human intervention could significantly enhance vegetation coverage. In the high-altitude and frigid Qinghai-Tibet Plateau climate zone， human activities have disrupted the regional microclimate water cycle structure along major rivers， particularly in ecologically fragile areas such as the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin， thus further hindering the ecological recovery capacity. This study provides theoretical support for formulating regionally differentiated ecological recovery strategies. |
