| 黄河流域生态系统服务时空变化特征及其多尺度权衡协同关系 |
| 摘要点击 655 全文点击 17 投稿时间：2025-07-21 修订日期：2025-09-16 |
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| 中文关键词 生态系统服务（ES） 权衡与协同 黄河流域 InVEST模型 多尺度 |
| 英文关键词 ecosystem services（ES） trade-off and synergy Yellow River Basin InVEST model multi-scale |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202507276 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 黄河流域作为国家重要生态区以及能源基地，面临水资源短缺和城市人口快速集聚等多重压力，导致生态系统服务退化与协调失衡的严峻挑战，厘清其生态系统服务时空演变及权衡协同关系对流域可持续发展至关重要. 基于2000~2023年土地利用数据，运用InVEST模型量化水源涵养、土壤保持、生境质量和碳储量这4项服务；分析土地利用转移矩阵，结合Spearman相关性与空间自相关方法，多尺度揭示服务间权衡协同关系. 结果表明：①23 a间，黄河流域土地类型以草地为主，耕地和林地次之；耕地和未利用地面积减少，建设用地和林地面积增加；②全域尺度下，水源涵养与土壤保持量波动上升，空间格局一致，高值区集中于黄河源区以及秦岭地区，低值区集中于黄土高原地区；生境质量波动下降，碳储量稳定微增；③生态系统服务相互作用具有空间尺度效应；2000~2023年，各项服务在全域尺度下均呈协同关系且呈波动减弱趋势；像元尺度下为协同关系且表现出显著的空间异质性，黄河源区以及秦岭一带主要表现为协同关系，黄土高原以及渭河平原部分地区主要表现为权衡关系；市域尺度下水源涵养和生境质量、水源涵养和碳储量表现为权衡关系，其余为协同关系. 结果揭示了多尺度下生态系统服务间的权衡协同关系，可为黄河流域分区生态修复和跨区域协同管理提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The Yellow River Basin， as a vital ecological zone and energy base in China， faces multiple pressures including water scarcity and rapid urban population growth. These pressures lead to severe challenges of ecosystem service degradation and imbalance. A clear understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem services and their trade-offs and synergies in this basin is crucial for its sustainable development. Based on the land use data from 2000 to 2023， the InVEST model was used to quantify the four services of water conservation， soil conservation， habitat quality， and carbon storage； the land use transfer matrix was analyzed； and the Spearman correlation and spatial autocorrelation methods were combined to reveal the synergistic relationship of trade-offs among the services at multiple scales. The results show that： ① During the 23 years， the land types in the Yellow River Basin were mainly grassland， followed by cropland and forest land， and the remaining land types accounted for a relatively small proportion and the area of cropland and unutilized land decreased， while the area of construction land and forest land increased. ② The amount of water conservation and soil retention fluctuated and rose， with a consistent spatial pattern， with high values concentrated in the Yellow River source area and the Qinling Mountains and low values concentrated in the Loess Plateau area. Habitat quality fluctuated and decreased， and carbon stock stabilized and slightly increased. ③ Ecosystem service interactions were scaled. All four ecosystem services were synergistic at the basin-wide scale from 2000 to 2023. There were synergistic relationships and significant spatial heterogeneity at the pixel scale， with the Yellow River source area and the Qinling Mountains mainly showing synergistic relationships and the Loess Plateau and part of the Weihe Plain mainly showing trade-offs； water conservation and habitat quality as well as water conservation and carbon storage at the municipal scale showed trade-offs， and the rest were synergistic relationships. The results reveal the trade-off synergistic relationship between ecosystem services at multiple scales and provide scientific basis for ecological restoration and cross-regional cooperative management in the Yellow River Basin. |
