| 黑河流域上游草地退化时空格局及气象因子响应 |
| 摘要点击 588 全文点击 6 投稿时间:2025-05-11 修订日期:2025-09-11 |
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| 中文关键词 草地退化 Landsat归一化植被指数(NDVI) 草地覆盖度(FVC) 时空变化 黑河流域上游 |
| 英文关键词 grassland degradation Landsat normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) fractional vegetation cover (FVC) spatio-temporal changes upstream of Heihe River Basin |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202505088 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘锦秀 | 中国地质调查局西宁自然资源综合调查中心, 西宁 810021 国家冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心, 兰州 730000 祁连山中部亚高山生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 西宁 810021 自然资源部自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室, 北京 100055 | ljxx0112@126.com | | 林丽 | 中国地质调查局西宁自然资源综合调查中心, 西宁 810021 祁连山中部亚高山生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 西宁 810021 | | | 王雁鹤 | 中国地质调查局西宁自然资源综合调查中心, 西宁 810021 祁连山中部亚高山生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 西宁 810021 自然资源部自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室, 北京 100055 兰州大学资源环境学院, 兰州 730000 | | | 高天胜 | 中国地质调查局西宁自然资源综合调查中心, 西宁 810021 祁连山中部亚高山生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 西宁 810021 自然资源部自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室, 北京 100055 兰州大学资源环境学院, 兰州 730000 | zygts@126.com | | 韩昊 | 中国地质调查局西宁自然资源综合调查中心, 西宁 810021 祁连山中部亚高山生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 西宁 810021 | | | 扁红英 | 中国地质调查局西宁自然资源综合调查中心, 西宁 810021 祁连山中部亚高山生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 西宁 810021 | | | 寇明珠 | 中国地质调查局西宁自然资源综合调查中心, 西宁 810021 祁连山中部亚高山生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 西宁 810021 | | | 张清纯 | 中国地质调查局西宁自然资源综合调查中心, 西宁 810021 祁连山中部亚高山生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 西宁 810021 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 草地作为我国重要的生态系统和自然资源,兼具生态功能与畜牧业价值,但其退化问题在生态脆弱区日益突出. 基于1993~2023年Landsat归一化植被指数(NDVI)数据,通过像元二分模型反演草地覆盖度(FVC),结合冷/热点分析、变异系数、趋势分析及相关性分析等方法,研究了青藏高原东北缘的黑河流域上游草地退化时空特征及驱动机制. 结果表明:①FVC空间分布呈自西北向东南递增格局,祁连山北麓草原覆盖度低,稳定性弱,退化程度高;南麓草甸覆盖度高,稳定性强,退化程度低. 区域FVC呈局部增加,整体下降的趋势. ②草地退化与改善并存,均呈波动上升趋势,退化区域面积扩大且程度加重,改善区域虽面积减少,但改善程度增强,北麓退化面积占比达68%,需优先关注,区域整体退化趋势为显著退化. ③气象因子驱动面积占13%,响应强度存在北强南弱的空间异质性,非气象因子对草地退化的影响超过气候变化. 研究可为黑河流域上游草地资源保护和利用提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| As an important ecosystem and natural resource in China, grassland has both ecological function and animal husbandry value. However, grassland degradation has become increasingly severe in ecologically fragile regions. Based on the Landsat normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data from 1993 to 2023, the fractional vegetation cover (FVC) was retrieved using the pixel dichotomy model. Combined with methods such as cold/hot spot analysis, coefficient of variation, trend analysis, and correlation analysis, the spatiotemporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of grassland degradation in the upstream of Heihe River Basin on the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau were studied. The results indicate that: ① FVC exhibited a spatial distribution pattern increasing from northwest to southeast. The grasslands on the northern foothills of the Qilian Mountains showed low vegetation cover, weak stability, and high degradation levels, while the meadows on the southern foothills exhibited high cover, strong stability, and low degradation, and the regional FVC increased locally and declined as a whole. ② Grassland degradation and improvement coexisted, and both showed a fluctuating upward trend. The area of degraded areas was expanding, and the degree of improvement was increasing. Although the area of improved areas was shrinking, the degree of improvement was increasing. The degraded area at the northern foothills accounted for 68%, which requires priority attention. The overall degradation trend of the region was significant degradation. ③ Meteorological factors drove 13% of the degradation, with response intensity showing spatial heterogeneity, stronger in the north and weaker in the south. Non-meteorological factors exerted a greater influence on grassland degradation than that of climate change. This study provides a scientific basis for the conservation and sustainable utilization of grassland resources in the upstream of Heihe River Basin. |
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