| 汉江流域生态脆弱性与生态韧性的时空演变及生态分区构建 |
| 摘要点击 214 全文点击 6 投稿时间：2025-04-09 修订日期：2025-07-29 |
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| 中文关键词 生态脆弱性 生态韧性 耦合协调度 时空特征 汉江流域 |
| 英文关键词 ecological vulnerability ecological resilience coupling coordination spatial and temporal characteristics Hanjiang River Basin |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202504102 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 生态脆弱性和生态韧性作为衡量生态系统良好与否的重要指标，具有表征生态系统对外部扰动响应、恢复能力、权衡区域生态保护和开发建设的重要意义. 以汉江流域作为研究区，基于多源数据，构建定量评价指标，剖析汉江流域生态脆弱性及生态韧性时空变化特征，同时利用耦合协调度模型及核密度分析方法研究生态脆弱性与生态韧性时空耦合特征，并利用Z-score标准化方法识别了汉江流域“韧性-脆弱性风险”生态分区. 结果表明：①2000~2023年间，汉江流域生态脆弱性指数整体呈现平稳下降的趋势，空间分布上呈现上游高，中下游低的空间分布特征；汉江流域综合生态韧性指数整体趋势呈现稳中向好的变化，2010年为转折点呈现下降后上升的变化趋势，低韧性水平及较低韧性水平的地区占比逐渐减小，高韧性水平的地区逐渐增多. ②2000~2023年汉江流域生态脆弱性和生态韧性耦合协调度主要介于0.4~0.9之间，总体上虽处于“协调”状态，但区域耦合度介于不同协调等级，两级分化现象较为明显，亟需通过更精细的生态管理和恢复策略优化区域生态平衡. ③结合“韧性-脆弱性风险”生态分区，将汉江流域划分为：高韧性-高脆弱性风险区、低韧性-高脆弱性风险区、低韧性-低脆弱性风险区及高韧性-低脆弱性风险区，通过更精细的生态区划进一步优化流域内的生态平衡与稳定性，促进区域发展的协调可持续，可为推动汉江流域生态保护与高质量发展提供科学支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Ecological vulnerability and ecological resilience， as important indicators of ecosystem health， are of great significance in characterizing ecosystem response to external disturbances， restoration capacity， and weighing regional ecological protection and development and construction. Based on multi-source data， quantitative evaluation indicators were constructed to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of ecological fragility and ecological resilience in the Hanjiang River Basin. Additionally， the coupling coordination degree model and kernel density analysis methods were employed to investigate the spatiotemporal coupling characteristics between ecological fragility and ecological resilience. Furthermore， the Z-score standardization method was utilized to identify the “resilience-vulnerability risk” ecological zones in the Hanjiang River Basin. The results of the study show that： ① From 2000 to 2023， the ecological vulnerability index of the Hanjiang River Basin as a whole showed a steady decline in the changes in the spatial distribution of the upper reaches of the high， middle， and lower reaches of the lower spatial distribution characteristics. The Hanjiang River Basin Comprehensive Ecological Vulnerability Index as a whole showed a stable trend of good changes； 2010 as a turning point showed a decline in the trend of the changes in the rise after the decline in the low toughness level and the proportion of areas with a lower toughness level gradually reduced， and the proportion of areas with a lower toughness level gradually decreased. The proportion of low toughness level and lower toughness level was gradually decreasing， and the number of areas with high toughness level was gradually increasing. ② The ecological vulnerability and ecological toughness coupling coordination degree of the Hanjiang River Basin from 2000 to 2023 was mainly between 0.4-0.9， and the overall situation was in the “coordinated” state， but the regional coupling degree was between different levels of coordination， and the phenomenon of bifurcation was more obvious. It was evident that there was an urgent need to optimize the regional ecological balance through more delicate ecological management and restoration strategies. ③ Combined with the “toughness-vulnerability risk” ecological zoning， the Hanjiang River Basin was divided into a high toughness-high vulnerability risk zone， low toughness-high vulnerability risk zone， low toughness-low vulnerability risk zone， and high toughness-low vulnerability risk zone， so as to further optimize the ecological balance and stability of the river basin through finer ecological zoning and to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of the region. Through finer ecological zoning， we can further optimize the ecological balance and stability in the basin， promote the coordination and sustainability of regional development， and provide scientific support for promoting the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Han River Basin. |
