| 基于“健康-服务-敏感”框架的黄河流域生态安全格局构建 |
| 摘要点击 226 全文点击 8 投稿时间：2025-05-21 修订日期：2025-07-08 |
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| 中文关键词 生态安全格局 生态系统健康 生态系统服务 生态敏感性 黄河流域 |
| 英文关键词 ecological security pattern ecosystem health ecosystem service ecological sensitivity the Yellow River Basin |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202505217 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 构建生态安全格局有助于维系区域生态系统稳定及增强生态抗干扰能力，对保障区域生态安全具有重要意义. 将生态系统健康、生态系统服务与生态敏感性纳入评价指标体系，构建“健康-服务-敏感”评估框架，对黄河流域生态系统进行综合评价以识别生态源地，结合自然地理与社会经济因素生成生态阻力面，运用电路理论识别重点生态要素，构建生态安全格局，提出区域生态保护策略. 结果表明：①2000~2020年黄河流域生态综合评价指数呈上升态势，生态系统状态存在明显空间差异，高值区主要分布在流域中西部和南部；②2020年黄河流域生态源地119块，比2000年增加23块，空间分布呈离散化趋势，主要分布在三江源自然保护区、渭河流域、汾河流域和祁连山脉；③黄河流域生态网络结构较为稳定，20 a间廊道增加53条，整体向流域西部延伸，生态夹点减少12个，生态障碍点增加29个；④提出“三带、三区、多点”的黄河流域生态安全格局优化策略，为流域生态环境高水平保护提供科学参考. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The construction of ecological security patterns is helpful to maintain regional ecosystem stability and enhance ecological anti-interference ability， which is of great significance to ensure regional ecological security. Ecosystem health， ecosystem services， and ecological sensitivity are included in the evaluation index system， and the "health-service-sensitivity" evaluation framework is constructed. A comprehensive evaluation of the ecosystem is carried out to identify the ecological source in the Yellow River Basin. The ecological resistance surface is generated by combining natural geography and socio-economic factors. The circuit theory is used to identify the key ecological elements. The ecological security pattern is constructed， and the regional ecological protection strategies are proposed. The results showed that： ① From 2000 to 2020， the ecological comprehensive evaluation index of the Yellow River Basin showed an upward trend， and there were obvious spatial differences in the ecosystem status. The comprehensive index of ecosystem in the central and western and southern parts of the basin was relatively high. ② In 2020， the number of ecological sources in the Yellow River Basin reached 119， showing an increase of 23 compared to that in 2000. The spatial distribution showed a trend of discretization， mainly distributed in Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve， Weihe River Basin， Fenhe River Basin， and the Qilian mountains. ③ The ecological network structure of the Yellow River Basin was relatively stable. In the past 20 years， 53 corridors have been added， extending to the west of the basin as a whole. The number of ecological pinch points has decreased by 12， and the number of ecological obstacle points has increased by 29. ④ The ecological security optimization strategy of “three zones， three districts， and multiple points” was proposed for the Yellow River Basin to offer a scientific reference for the high-level protection of its ecological environment. |
