| 中国陆域生态系统生境质量时空特征及驱动因子探测分析 |
| 摘要点击 246 全文点击 8 投稿时间：2025-02-14 修订日期：2025-07-16 |
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| 中文关键词 生境质量 增强型植被指数（EVI） 夜间灯光（NTL） 地理探测器 空间统计分析 中国陆域生态系统 |
| 英文关键词 habitat quality enhanced vegetation index （EVI） nighttime light （NTL） Geodetector spatial statistical analysis terrestrial ecosystems of China |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202502079 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 探究生境质量时空特征及其驱动机制对生物多样性提升与区域生态保护与修复具有重要意义. 运用InVEST模型评估中国陆域生态系统2000~2020年生境质量，并结合生态质量转换和空间自相关模型等探究其时空演变规律，进而利用地理探测器的单因子探测和交互探测方法分析土地利用/覆被、EVI、地形因子、气候因子和社会经济因子等对生境质量空间分异特征的影响. 结果表明：①生境质量整体较好，Ⅲ级及以上等级生境质量占主导（约55%）；②生境质量空间集聚特征显著，高值区集中在青藏高原、长江经济带、海南、大兴安岭和小兴安岭等地；低值区集中在塔里木盆地周边、内蒙古西部、山东半岛和长三角等地；多数区域生境质量保持不变（90.84%）；③土地利用/覆被、EVI和降水是陆域、优先区和非优先区影响生境质量的三大驱动因子. 社会经济因子（GDP、POP、Light和Prop）在3个尺度的单因子作用较小，但与土地利用/覆被和EVI的交互作用呈增强趋势，q值在0.32以上. 研究结果可为区域生态保护提供科学支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Understanding the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of habitat quality and its driving mechanisms is crucial for enhancing biodiversity and promoting regional ecological restoration. This study assessed the habitat quality across terrestrial ecosystems in China from 2000 to 2020 with the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs （InVEST） model. By integrating ecological quality transitions and spatial autocorrelation models， this study explored the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of the habitat quality. This study also analyzed the influence of land use/land cover （LULC）， enhanced vegetation index （EVI）， topographic factors， climatic factors， and socioeconomic factors on the spatial heterogeneity of habitat quality with the Geodetector method， using both single-factor and interaction detection. The results revealed that： ① The spatial distribution pattern of habitat quality across terrestrial ecosystems of China aligned closely with the land use/land cover types. Habitat quality was higher in forest and grassland areas compared to that in cropland and unused land， which was primarily due to higher vegetation coverage， more stable ecosystem structure and function， and richer biodiversity in the forest and grassland areas. ② The habitat quality in terrestrial ecosystems of China was overall relatively high， with areas classified as Level III or above accounting for approximately 55% of the total terrestrial area. Strong spatial clustering patterns of the habitat quality were observed， with high-value areas concentrated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau， Yangtze River Economic Belt， Hainan， and the Greater and Lesser Khingan Mountains. Low-value areas were primarily located around the Tarim Basin， western Inner Mongolia， the Shandong Peninsula， and the Yangtze River Delta. The habitat quality remained stable in most regions （90.84%） during the study period. Declines in habitat quality （4.63%） were mainly observed in eastern coastal regions， especially in urban agglomerations such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region， the Shandong Peninsula， and the Yangtze River Delta. Improvements in habitat quality （4.53%） were concentrated in areas such as the Loess Plateau and the Sanjiangyuan Region. ③ LULC had the highest explanatory power （q-value） and showed the strongest interaction effects with other factors. Habitat quality in terrestrial ecosystems， biodiversity priority areas， and non-priority areas was primarily influenced by LULC， EVI， and precipitation， indicating a consistent mechanism across different biodiversity zones， namely， the dominant role of natural factors. Socioeconomic factors showed relatively low explanatory power when considered individually but demonstrated increasing interaction effects when combined with LULC and EVI， with q-values exceeding 0.32. Notably， the nighttime light index and the proportion of construction land had q-values in non-priority areas that were 9-30 times and 1-3 times higher than those in priority areas， respectively. The findings of this study can provide essential scientific support for regional ecological conservation and high-quality development. |
