| 土壤酸化胁迫下细菌和真菌的多样性差异与群落重构 |
| 摘要点击 237 全文点击 5 投稿时间:2025-03-07 修订日期:2025-05-20 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤酸化 土壤微生物 微生物群落结构 微生物多样性 整合分析 |
| 英文关键词 soil acidification soil microorganisms microbial community structure microbial diversity Meta-analysis |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202503077 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 高欣雨 | 山西农业大学资源与环境学院, 太谷 030801 山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院, 土壤健康山西省实验室, 太原 030031 | 15735422282@163.com | | 李丹丹 | 山西农业大学资源与环境学院, 太谷 030801 山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院, 土壤健康山西省实验室, 太原 030031 | | | 李子旭 | 山西农业大学资源与环境学院, 太谷 030801 山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院, 土壤健康山西省实验室, 太原 030031 | | | 李建华 | 山西农业大学资源与环境学院, 太谷 030801 山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院, 土壤健康山西省实验室, 太原 030031 | | | 蔡泽江 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 | | | 徐明岗 | 山西农业大学资源与环境学院, 太谷 030801 山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院, 土壤健康山西省实验室, 太原 030031 | xuminggang@sxau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 土壤酸化显著影响农田生态系统的养分平衡以及土壤微生物群落,探究微生物与pH和养分变化的耦合关系,可以为制定酸化土壤修复策略提供理论依据. 通过收集截至2024年7月发表的文献78篇,构建了包含土壤养分含量及微生物群落多样性和组成等相关内容数据库. 采用数据整合分析方法(Meta-analysis),定量分析土壤养分及微生物多样性和组成对土壤酸化的响应. 结果表明:①土壤酸化显著改变了土壤养分. 酸化导致有机质、全氮、全磷、硝态氮、速效磷和速效钾含量显著下降,而铵态氮含量显著增加(P<0.05). ②土壤酸化显著改变了土壤微生物群落的多样性和组分. 酸化显著降低了细菌的Chao1指数和Shannon指数,但真菌的Chao1指数增加. 酸化导致细菌群落中耐酸微生物增加,酸敏感微生物丰度下降,而真菌群落的响应具有门类特异性. ③偏最小二乘路径模型(PLS-PM)分析表明,土壤酸化降低了土壤养分有效性,而土壤养分流失进一步加剧细菌和真菌的群落重构;土壤酸化通过直接作用和间接作用,影响了土壤微生物群落的多样性和组成. 综上所述,土壤酸化通过直接改变pH环境和间接影响养分循环,改变了微生物群落结构,且细菌对酸化的响应较真菌更为敏感. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Soil acidification significantly affects the nutrient balance and soil microbial community of agricultural ecosystems. Exploring the coupling relationship between microorganisms, pH, and nutrient changes can provide theoretical basis for formulating strategies for acidifying soil remediation. A database was constructed by compiling data from 78 articles published up to July 2024, encompassing soil nutrient content, microbial diversity, and community composition. Using a data integration analysis method (Meta-analysis), we quantitatively analyzed the response of soil nutrients, microbial diversity, and composition to soil acidification. The results revealed that: ① Soil acidification significantly affected soil nutrients. Specifically, it led to a significant decrease in the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium, while the content of ammonium nitrogen increased (P<0.05). ② Soil acidification significantly altered the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities. Acidification significantly reduced the Chao1 index and Shannon index of bacteria but increased the Chao1 index of fungi. Acidification led to an increase in acid-resistant microorganisms and a decrease in the abundance of acid-sensitive microorganisms in bacterial communities, while the response of fungal communities was species-specific. ③ Partial Least Squares Path Model (PLS-PM) analysis showed that soil acidification reduced soil nutrient availability, while soil nutrient loss further exacerbated community restructuring of bacteria and fungi. Soil acidification affected the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities through both direct and indirect effects. In summary, soil acidification directly changes the pH environment and indirectly affects nutrient cycling, altering the microbial community structure, and bacteria are more sensitive to acidification than fungi. |