| 不同比例有机肥等氮替代化肥对海南胶园土壤活性有机碳组分及酶活性的影响 |
| 摘要点击 244 全文点击 12 投稿时间：2025-02-13 修订日期：2025-06-01 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 有机肥替代化肥 橡胶园 活性有机碳组分 土壤酶活性 养分限制 |
| 英文关键词 organic fertilizer substitution of chemical fertilizer rubber plantation field active soil organic carbon components soil enzyme activity nutrient limitation |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202502074 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 庄明育 | 海南大学热带农林学院, 儋州 571737 | 15091964925@163.com | | 包徐娇 | 海南大学热带农林学院, 儋州 571737 | | | 刘天鸿 | 海南大学热带农林学院, 儋州 571737 | | | 但小倩 | 海南大学热带农林学院, 儋州 571737 | | | 朱启林 | 海南大学南繁学院, 三亚 572025 | | | 张金波 | 海南大学南繁学院, 三亚 572025 | | | 张治军 | 海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所, 海口 571100 | | | 张文 | 海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所, 海口 571100 | | | 汤水荣 | 海南大学南繁学院, 三亚 572025 | srtang@hainanu.edu.cn | | 孟磊 | 海南大学南繁学院, 三亚 572025 | menglei@hainanu.edu.cn |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 有机肥替代化肥对海南胶园土壤活性有机碳（SOC）组分与酶活性的影响尚不明确，以海南胶园0~40 cm土壤（每层10 cm）为研究对象，设置无氮对照（CK）、单施化肥（NPK）、有机肥分别等氮替代25%、50%、75%和100%化肥（M25、M50、M75和M100）共6个施肥处理，分析土壤理化性质、5种活性SOC组分[颗粒态有机碳（POC）、轻组有机碳（LFOC）、易氧化有机碳（ROC）、可溶性有机碳（DOC）、微生物量碳（MBC）]以及4种土壤酶活性[β-1，4-葡萄糖苷酶（BG）、 β-1，4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、L-亮氨酸氨基肽酶（LAP）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）]，旨在寻求最佳的替代比例，为海南胶园土壤肥力提升提供理论依据. 结果表明，有机肥替代化肥均能提升土壤pH；0~10 cm与20~30 cm土层容重分别为M50和M25处理最低，M50处理的0~40 cm土层全氮（TN）含量最高；碳储量（SOCstock）大小顺序为：M50>M25>M75>M100>NPK>CK，范围为4.7~6.6 t·hm-2；20~30 cm土层中4种有机肥替代化肥处理的ROC均显著大于CK和NPK处理；而20~30 cm土层下M50、M75和M100处理的DOC均显著大于CK与NPK处理，各有机肥替代化肥处理间无显著差异；仅M50处理下0~10 cm土层BG、LAP和ACP活性均显著低于10~20 cm土层. 与NPK处理相比，M50处理显著降低0~10 cm土层BG（-27.3%）、LAP（-21.3%）和ACP（-23.2%）活性，M25处理显著降低20~30 cm土层NAG（-34.0%）和LAP（-35.8%）活性；BG和ACP活性显著受施肥方式和土层深度的交互作用影响；0~10 cm土层中，M50处理的矢量长度（1.0）显著低于NPK处理（1.2）；30~40 cm土层中M25处理下酶的矢量长度（1.1）显著低于CK处理（1.3），表明微生物C限制减弱；6种施肥条件下酶的矢量角度（VA）均大于45°，表明微生物P限制严重；0~40 cm土层中，4种有机肥替代化肥处理的VA（59.1°~62.0°）均小于CK（62.1°）和NPK处理（62.3°）；SOC与pH、TN、AP、AK、POC、LFOC、ROC和DOC均显著正相关，但与VA显著负相关，VA与AP显著负相关（P<0.05）. 综合评价，M50处理对海南胶园土壤理化性质、活性SOC组分及酶活性协同作用最佳，可在海南植胶区加以推广. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The effect of organic fertilizer substituting chemical fertilizer on active soil organic carbon （SOC） composition and enzyme activity in rubber plantation soil of Hainan is still unclear. In this study， the 0-40 cm soil （10 cm per layer） in the rubber plantation fields of Hainan was taken as the research object， and a total of six fertilization treatments were set up： nitrogen-free control （CK）； chemical fertilizer （NPK）； and organic fertilizer substituting 25%， 50%， 75%， and 100% of chemical fertilizer （M25， M50， M75， and M100）. Soil physicochemical properties， five active SOC components [particulate organic carbon （POC）， light organic carbon （LFOC）， easily oxidized organic carbon （ROC）， dissolved organic carbon （DOC）， and microbial biomass carbon （MBC）] and four types of soil enzyme activities [β-1，4-glucosidase （BG）， β-1，4-N-acetylglucosaminidase （NAG）， L-leucine aminopeptidase （LAP）， and acid phosphatase （ACP）] were analyzed to seek the best substitution ratio of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer and provide theoretical basis for improving soil fertility in Hainan. The results showed that organic fertilizer substituting chemical fertilizer could increase soil pH. The bulk density in the 0-10 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers was the lowest in the M50 and M25 treatments， respectively. The total nitrogen （TN） content in the 0-40 cm soil layer in the M50 treatment was the highest， and SOC stock （SOCstock） was in the order of M50>M25>M75>M100>NPK>CK， ranging from 4.7-6.6 t·hm-2. The ROC was significantly higher under the four replacing treatments than that of the CK and NPK treatments in the 20-30 cm soil layer. The DOC under the M50， M75， and M100 treatments was significantly higher than that of the CK and NPK treatments in the 20-30 cm soil layer， and there was no significant difference among all of the replacing treatments. Only the M50 treatment had lower activities of BG， LAP， and ACP in the 0-10 cm soil layer than that in the 10-20 soil layer. Compared with those in the NPK treatment， the M50 treatment significantly decreased the activities of BG （-27.3%）， LAP （-21.3%）， and ACP （-23.2%） in the 0-10 cm soil layer， and the M25 treatment significantly reduced the activities of NAG （-34.0%） and LAP （-35.8%） in the 20-30 cm soil layer. Fertilization method and soil depth had significantly interactive effects on BG and ACP activities. In the 0-10 cm soil layer， the vector length （1.0） of the M50 treatment was significantly lower than that of the NPK treatment （1.2）. In the 30-40 cm soil layer， the vector length （1.1） of enzyme activity under the M25 treatment was significantly lower than that of the CK treatment （1.3）， indicating a weak microbial C restriction. The vector angle （VA） of enzyme activity under the six fertilization treatments was greater than 45°， indicating a strong microbial P restriction. In the 0-40 cm soil layer， the VA of enzyme activity （59.1°-62.0°） under the four replacing treatments was lower than those under the CK （62.1°） and NPK treatments （62.3°）. SOC was positively correlated with pH， TN， AP， AK， POC， LFOC， ROC， and DOC. SOC was negatively correlated with VA. VA was negatively correlated with AP （P<0.05）. With the respective of comprehensive evaluation， the M50 treatment had the best synergistic effect on soil physicochemical properties， active SOC components， and enzyme activity in the rubber plantation of Hainan and could be promoted in the rubber planting area of Hainan. |
