| 土壤中重金属铊经食物链带来的健康风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 1587 全文点击 49 投稿时间：2025-02-13 修订日期：2025-05-09 |
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| 中文关键词 铊（Tl） 土壤 食物链 生物可利用性 健康风险 |
| 英文关键词 thallium(Tl) soil food chain bioavailability health risk |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202502075 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 林路秀 | 闽南师范大学化学化工与环境学院, 漳州 363000
闽南师范大学福建省现代分离分析科学与技术重点实验室, 福建省污染监测与控制省高校重点实验室, 漳州 363000 | 412102994@qq.com | | 李顺兴 | 闽南师范大学化学化工与环境学院, 漳州 363000
闽南师范大学福建省现代分离分析科学与技术重点实验室, 福建省污染监测与控制省高校重点实验室, 漳州 363000 | lishunxing@mnnu.edu.cn | | 张文婕 | 闽南师范大学福建省现代分离分析科学与技术重点实验室, 福建省污染监测与控制省高校重点实验室, 漳州 363000 | | | 龙馨 | 闽南师范大学福建省现代分离分析科学与技术重点实验室, 福建省污染监测与控制省高校重点实验室, 漳州 363000 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探明农田土壤铊（Tl）对种植农作物（以红薯为例）经食物链传递带来的健康风险，选取地理环境及种植方式相近、Tl含量不同的3处区域，采集样品. 结果表明，漳州平和联光村和高寨村属于花山溪流域周边农田，Tl含量较高，土壤中ω（Tl）为0.413~0.700 mg·kg-1，漳州南靖溪边村ω（Tl）为0.283~0.337 mg·kg-1，低于地壳中0.49 mg·kg-1的含量平均值，但采集区域土壤中Tl含量均未超过农业土壤中规定的最高限值（1 mg·kg-1）. 红薯中ω（Tl）为0.004 45~0.032 9 mg·kg-1，平均值为0.015 9 mg·kg-1. 红薯中的Tl含量远低于食品中人类安全食用量标准0.3 mg·kg-1. 采用人体胃肠仿生消化体外吸收模拟法，研究土壤中Tl经食物链传递，经红薯摄入后对Tl及其他微量金属的消化和吸收影响. 测定红薯经胃肠消化后食糜中Mg、K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu、Cr、Cd和Pb的生物可给性和生物可利用性. 红薯中Tl含量与K、Ca和Fe生物可给率和生物可利用率具有很强的相关性（R2为0.956 4~0.995 3，P < 0.05），而Tl含量与Mg、Mn、Cu、Cr、Cd和Pb生物可给率和生物可利用率未发现相关性. 由此说明Tl可从农田土壤转移到种植的农作物，通过食物链对人体健康产生影响，即使低剂量Tl的摄入也对K、Ca和Fe消化和吸收具竞争性抑制作用，导致微量元素代谢紊乱. 土壤中Tl生物有效性必须设法加以降低以减少其对人体健康影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To explore the health risks brought by the transfer of thallium (Tl) in farmland soil through the food chain to planted crops (taking sweet potatoes as an example), three areas with similar geographical environments and planting methods but different Tl contents were selected for sample collection. This study indicated that Lianguang Village and Gaozhai Village in Pinghe, Zhangzhou, belonged to the farmland surrounding the Huashanxi River Basin and had higher Tl levels, with Tl contents in the soil ranging from 0.413 to 0.700 mg·kg-1. The Tl content in Xibian Village, Nanjing, Zhangzhou ranged from 0.283 to 0.337 mg·kg-1, which was lower than the average concentration of 0.49 mg·kg-1 in the Earth's crust. However, none of these soils exceeded the maximum limit specified for agricultural soil (1 mg·kg-1). Tl content in sweet potatoes ranged from 0.004 45 to 0.032 9 mg·kg-1, with an average of 0.015 9 mg·kg-1. Tl content in sweet potatoes was far below the human safe consumption standard of 0.3 mg·kg-1. An in vitro bionic gastrointestinal digestion and absorption method was employed to study the digestion and absorption effects of Tl and other trace metals after ingestion of sweet potatoes, which had absorbed Tl through the food chain from the soil. The bioaccessibility and bioavailability of Mg, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Cr, Cd, and Pb in the chyme after gastrointestinal digestion of sweet potatoes were determined. There was a strong correlation between the Tl content in sweet potatoes and the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of K, Ca, and Fe (R2=0.956 4-0.995 3, P < 0.05), while no correlation was found between the Tl content and the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of Mg, Mn, Cu, Cr, Cd, and Pb. The results indicated that Tl could be transferred from farmland soil to cultivated crops, affecting human health through the food chain. Even low doses of Tl in food had a competitive inhibitory effect on the digestion and absorption of K, Ca, and Fe, leading to metabolic disturbances of trace elements. Therefore, measures must be taken to reduce the bioavailability of Tl in soil to mitigate its impact on human health. |
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