| 典型AAO工艺生活污水处理厂CO2直接排放特征及化石源CO2贡献 |
| 摘要点击 1883 全文点击 80 投稿时间：2025-03-28 修订日期：2025-05-07 |
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| 中文关键词 CO2直接排放 AAO工艺 生活污水处理 化石源CO2 CO2排放因子 |
| 英文关键词 CO2 direct emissions AAO process municipal wastewater treatment fossil source CO2 CO2 emission factor |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202503333 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 许玉玉 | 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081 | 22302529@muc.edu.cn | | 聂雪彪 | 南京大学锡山应用生物技术研究所, 无锡 214135 | | | 危亦龙 | 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081 | | | 胡思琪 | 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081 | | | 廖天蓝 | 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081 | | | 杨琪 | 北京北控污水净化及回用有限公司(沙河再生水厂), 北京 102206 | | | 张冰 | 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081 | | | 陈坦 | 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081
中央民族大学北京市食品环境与健康工程技术研究中心, 北京 100081 | chentan05@tsinghua.org.cn | | 杨婷 | 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081 | ty672@muc.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为解析AAO工艺处理生活污水过程中的化石源CO2排放特征，选取华北某典型AAO工艺生活污水处理厂开展现场监测，获取了2023年9月至2024年8月的各主要工艺单元（选择池、厌氧池、缺氧池、好氧池、污泥回流廊道和二沉池）的CO2排放通量，并分析了24 h昼夜连续变化规律及化石源CO2的排放贡献. 12个月连续监测发现，选择池、厌氧池、缺氧池、好氧池、污泥回流廊道和二沉池等主要工艺单元的CO2直接排放通量分别为：（30.20±2.85）、（43.50±5.81）、（44.41±4.69）、（2 736.82±213.26）、（82.68±7.21）和（11.59±1.15）g·（m2·d）-1. 夏季AAO工艺24 h出现CO2直接排放通量“双峰”，高峰时段分别为06：00~09：00[平均值为12 443.14 μg·（m2·s）-1]和21：00~24：00[平均值为12 395.38 μg·（m2·s）-1]，均比夏季24 h的CO2直接排放通量平均值高20%；冬季AAO工艺24 h只出现CO2直接排放通量“单峰”，高峰时段为09：00~12：00[平均值为16 705.90 μg·（m2·s）-1]，比冬季24 h的CO2直接排放通量平均值高21%；冬季AAO工艺CO2直接排放通量[24 h平均值为13 811.81 μg·（m2·s）-1，CV为9.0%]高于夏季[24 h平均值为10 388.41 μg·（m2·s）-1，CV为14.4%]，但波动更小. 按月CO2直接排放监测结果显示，AAO工艺12个月CO2直接排放通量平均值为（1 094.86±80.97）g·（m2·d）-1，月际波动明显（CV为35.6%），峰值出现在2024年3月[1 737.74 g·（m2·d）-1]，比12个月的平均值高59%. AAO工艺的CO2直接排放强度季节性变化明显，春、冬、夏、秋季的平均CO2直接排放强度分别为：（3 546.76±616.24）、（3 089.66±363.98）、（2 738.55±120.38）和（2 267.45±229.33）kg·d-1. 不同工艺单元CO2直接排放差异明显，好氧池为AAO工艺CO2主要排放源，其年均排放通量、年均日排放强度和年均排放因子（以CO2/COD计）分别为：（2 736.82±213.26）g·（m2·d）-1、（2 859.14±214.32）kg·d-1和（3.83±0.75）kg·kg-1，显著（P < 0.001）高于其他处理单元. CO2直接排放通量与氧化还原电位（ORP）（P < 0.000 1）、DO（P < 0.05）、NO3--N（P < 0.05）和NO2--N（P < 0.05）显著正相关，与TP（P < 0.01）、NH4+-N（P < 0.01）和pH（P < 0.05）显著负相关. 根据CO2直接排放实测值估算生活污水处理的化石源CO2直接排放量（以处理1 m3污水的化石源CO2排放量表达），AAO工艺整体化石源CO2直接排放量范围为（38.05±5.31）~（148.41±20.72）g·m-3，化石源CO2直接排放量贡献率约为政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）方法核算全厂温室气体排放量的28.7%~67.1%. IPCC的碳排放核算体系低估了生活污水处理厂中化石源的CO2直接排放，建议将化石源CO2直接排放纳入污水处理厂碳排放核算体系. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to analyze the characteristics of fossil source CO2 emissions in the AAO process of municipal wastewater treatment, in-situ monitoring in a typical AAO process of a municipal wastewater treatment plant in North China was conducted in this work. The CO2 emission flux of each main process unit (selection tank, anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, aerobic tank, sludge return gallery, and secondary sedimentation tank) from September 2023 to August 2024 was obtained, and the 24 h day and night continuous change pattern and the emission contribution of fossil source CO2 was analyzed. Through 12 months of continuous monitoring, the direct CO2 emission fluxes of major process units such as selection tank, anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, aerobic tank, sludge return gallery, and secondary sedimentation tank were (30.20±2.85), (43.50±5.81), (44.41±4.69), (2 736.82±213.26), (82.68±7.21), and (11.59±1.15) g·(m2·d)-1, respectively. In summer, the AAO process showed "double peaks" of direct CO2 emission flux in 24 h, with peak periods at 06:00-09:00 [average 12 443.14 μg·(m2·s)-1] and 21:00-24:00 [average 12 395.38 μg·(m2·s)-1], both of which were 20% higher than the average value of direct CO2 emission flux in summer for 24 h. In winter, the AAO process showed a "single peak" of direct CO2 emission flux in 24 h, with peak periods at 09:00-12:00 [average 16 705.90 μg·(m2·s)-1], which was 21% higher than the average value of direct CO2 emission flux in winter for 24 h. The direct CO2 emission flux in winter [24 h average 13 811.81 μg·(m2·s)-1, CV=9.0%] was higher than that in summer [24 h average 10 388.41 μg·(m2·s)-1, CV=14.4%] but with smaller fluctuations. The monthly direct CO2 emission monitoring results showed that the average direct CO2 emission flux of the AAO process for 12 months was (1 094.86±80.97) g·(m2·d)-1 with large-size monthly fluctuations (CV=35.6%); the peak occurred in March 2024 [1 737.74 g·(m2·d)-1], which was 59% higher than the average value of 12 months. The direct CO2 emission intensity of the AAO process varied significantly with the seasons. The average direct CO2 emission intensities in spring, winter, summer, and autumn were (3 546.76±616.24), (3 089.66±363.98), (2 738.55±120.38), and (2 267.45±229.33) kg·d-1, respectively. The direct CO2 emissions of different process units were obviously different, and the aerobic tank was the main source of CO2 emissions in the AAO process, with an average annual emission flux, average annual daily emission intensity, and average annual emission factor (measured in CO2/COD) of (2 736.82±213.26) g·(m2·d)-1, (2 859.14±214.32) kg·d-1, and (3.83±0.75) kg·kg-1, respectively, which were significantly (P < 0.001) higher than those of other treatment units. The direct CO2 emission flux was significantly positively correlated with oxidation-reduction potential (ORP; P < 0.000 1), DO (P < 0.05), NO3--N (P < 0.05), and NO2--N (P < 0.05) and was significantly negatively correlated with TP (P < 0.01), NH4+-N (P < 0.01), and pH (P < 0.05). The direct CO2 emissions from fossil sources in the municipal wastewater treatment process were estimated based on the measured values of direct CO2 emissions, and the overall fossil source direct CO2 emission range of the AAO process was (38.05±5.31)-(148.41±20.72) g·m-3 (converted into fossil source CO2 emissions per m3 of wastewater treated). Direct CO2 emissions from fossil sources accounted for approximately 28.7%-67.1% of the greenhouse gas emissions of the whole plant calculated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) method. The direct CO2 emissions from fossil sources in municipal wastewater treatment plants are underestimated by the IPCC carbon emission accounting system, and it is recommended to include direct CO2 emissions from fossil sources in the carbon emission accounting system of wastewater treatment plants. |
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