| 鄱阳湖水位季节性波动过程中消落带土壤细菌群落的变化特征 |
| 摘要点击 457 全文点击 12 投稿时间：2024-12-19 修订日期：2025-03-30 |
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| 中文关键词 消落带 水位波动 细菌群落 群落组装 关键物种 |
| 英文关键词 water-level-fluctuating zone water level fluctuation bacterial community community assembly keystone species |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20260257 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 湖泊消落带受水位季节性波动的影响，呈现出显著的干湿转变. 细菌作为消落带生物地球化学循环中的重要微生物群体，深刻影响着该区域的生态功能. 深入研究水位波动过程中土壤细菌群落的变化特征，对于理解消落带生态系统的功能及其对环境变化的响应具有重要意义. 采用高通量测序技术，系统分析了2019~2020年鄱阳湖消落带细菌群落的季节性变化. 结果表明，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteriota）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）是消落带的优势细菌门类；而放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）在淹水状态与裸露状态下表现出显著的差异. 在淹水状态下，土壤细菌的多样性显著下降，随机性过程对细菌群落组装的影响增强. 此外，细菌群落的共现网络在淹水状态下表现出更高的复杂度、模块性及关键物种数量. 在裸露状态下，细菌多样性与土壤含水率呈显著正相关（P<0.01），TN和TP是细菌群落的主要影响因子；而在淹水状态下，NH4+-N、TN、TP和TOC等环境因子与细菌多样性显著相关（P<0.01），土壤pH和TOC是影响细菌群落结构的关键因素. 土壤细菌群落的氮固定、碳水化合物降解、芳香化合物降解和甲烷代谢等功能受水位波动影响呈现显著的季节性变化. 研究结果进一步深化了人们对湖泊消落带土壤细菌群落结构与功能在季节性水位波动过程中响应环境变化的理解. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The seasonal fluctuations in water levels significantly influence the wet-dry transitions in the water-level-fluctuating zone （WLFZ） of lakes. Bacteria， as an important microbial group in the biogeochemical cycles of this zone， profoundly affect the ecological functions of the area. A thorough investigation of the changes in soil bacterial communities during water level fluctuations is crucial for understanding the ecological functions of the WLFZ and its responses to environmental changes. Using high-throughput sequencing technology， the seasonal variation of bacterial communities in the Poyang Lake WLFZ from 2019 to 2020 was systematically analyzed. The results indicated that Proteobacteria， Acidobacteriota， and Chloroflexi were the dominant phyla in the WLFZ， while Actinobacteriota， Firmicutes， and Bacteroidota exhibited significant differences between submerged and exposed states. During flooding， bacterial diversity significantly decreased， and the influence of stochastic processes on community assembly increased. Additionally， bacterial co-occurrence networks under flooded conditions displayed higher complexity， modularity， and keystone species abundance. In exposed states， bacterial diversity correlated significantly positively with soil moisture content （P<0.01）， with TN and TP identified as primary drivers of community composition. Under flooded conditions， NH4+-N， TN， TP， and TOC were significantly correlated with bacterial diversity （P<0.01）， while soil pH and TOC were the key factors affecting community structure. The predicted functions of the bacterial community such as nitrogen fixation， carbohydrate degradation， aromatic compound degradation， and methane metabolism exhibited distinct seasonal shifts driven by water-level fluctuations. These findings enhance our understanding of how soil bacterial communities in lake WLFZ adapt structurally and functionally to seasonal hydrological changes. |
