| 历史遗留冶炼区周边村庄土壤重金属污染优先控制因子解析 |
| 摘要点击 487 全文点击 33 投稿时间：2024-12-06 修订日期：2025-03-19 |
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| 中文关键词 冶炼区 村庄土壤 重金属污染 正定矩阵因子分解（PMF） 蒙特卡罗模拟 优先控制 |
| 英文关键词 smelting area village soil heavy metal pollution positive matrix factorization （PMF） Monte Carlo simulation priority control |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20260255 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以江西省某历史遗留冶炼区周边村庄土壤为研究对象，采集并测定40个土壤样品重金属As、Sb、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni和Cd的含量，采用统计方法评估了重金属的污染程度，利用正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型厘定土壤重金属的来源，同时与基于蒙特卡罗模拟的健康风险评估（HRA）模型相耦合，定量评估不同来源对人体的健康风险，确定优先控制因子.结果表明，除Cu、Zn和Pb外，其余重金属的含量平均值均高于背景值，As、Sb、Ni和Cd的地累积指数（Igeo）达到偏中污染水平，同时污染负荷指数（PLI）有60%的样品处于轻度污染.PMF源解析研究确定了自然来源、冶炼活动和工业活动等3个来源为土壤重金属污染源，贡献率分别为50.27%、30.21%和19.52%.蒙特卡罗概率健康风险评估显示，所有人群的致癌风险均在可接受范围（1E-06≤TCR<1E-04）；成人的非致癌风险可忽略（HI<1），儿童的非致癌风险处于较高水平（HI>1），儿童的非致癌风险超控制值的比例为48.35%.冶炼活动是致癌风险（69.22%）和非致癌风险（55.77%）的最大贡献者，确定冶炼活动为人体健康风险的优先控制污染源，且As为主要目标污染物.研究结果可为政府部门制定土壤污染控制策略提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The soil of villages around a historical smelting area in Jiangxi Province was taken as the research object， and the contents of heavy metals As， Sb， Cu， Pb， Zn， Cr， Ni， and Cd were collected and determined in 40 soil samples； the pollution degree of heavy metals was evaluated using statistical methods； and the sources of heavy metals in the soil were determined using the positive matrix factorization （PMF）， coupled with the Monte Carlo simulation health risk assessment （HRA） model to quantitatively assess the health risks of different sources to human beings. It was also coupled with the HRA model of Monte Carlo simulation to quantitatively assess the health risks of different sources to human beings and determine the priority control factors. The results showed that the average contents of heavy metals were higher than the background values， except for Cu， Zn， and Pb. The ground accumulation index （Igeo） of As， Sb， Ni， and Cd reached the medium pollution level， while 60% of the samples were in the light pollution level in the pollution load index （PLI）. The PMF source analysis study identified three soil heavy metal pollution sources， including natural sources， smelting activities， and industrial activities， contributing 50.27%， 30.21%， and 19.52%， respectively. The Monte Carlo probabilistic HRA showed that the carcinogenic risk for all populations was in the acceptable range （1E-06≤TCR<1E-04）； the non-carcinogenic risk for adults was negligible （HI<1）， and the non-carcinogenic risk for children was at a high level （HI>1）. The proportion of children with non-carcinogenic risk exceeding the control value was 48.35%. Smelting activity was the largest contributor to carcinogenic risk （69.22%） and non-carcinogenic risk （55.77%）， and smelting activity was identified as a priority source of contamination for human health risk control， with As being the main target pollutant. The results of the study can provide a scientific basis for governmental departments to formulate soil pollution control strategies. |
