| 多指标和多模型耦合的西北荒漠绿洲蜜瓜种植地土壤重金属污染评价与溯源解析 |
| 摘要点击 471 全文点击 17 投稿时间：2024-12-16 修订日期：2025-03-17 |
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| 中文关键词 荒漠绿洲 蜜瓜种植地 土壤重金属 污染评价 溯源解析 |
| 英文关键词 desert oasis melon cultivation area soil heavy metals pollution assessment source apportionment |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20260254 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 开展特色农产品种植地土壤重金属污染状况详查和精准溯源对于全面推进乡村振兴、促进农业高质量可持续发展和服务国家生态安全建设具有重要的现实意义. 以瓜州蜜瓜种植地土壤为研究对象，应用地累积指数法、富集因子法、改进内梅罗污染指数法和污染负荷指数法系统刻画土壤重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn的污染特征，并采用相关性-聚类分析、绝对主成分得分-多元线性回归（APCS-MLR）模型和随机森林（RF）模型综合查证识别土壤重金属的污染来源及其贡献率. 结果表明：①研究区土壤除Cd的平均值高于甘肃省土壤背景值之外，其余As、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn的平均值均低于该背景值，且除3.4%的样点Cd含量高于《土壤环境质量 农用地土壤污染风险管控标准（试行）》（GB 15618-2018）（pH>7.5）的筛选值之外，其余所有样点的As、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn含量均低于该筛选值. ②Cd和Hg是蜜瓜种植地土壤重金属污染最为严重的元素，高污染样点临近交通、工矿活动区域. ③蜜瓜种植地土壤重金属的累积受农业-交通源、工业源、大气降尘源的综合影响. APCS-MLR模型和RF模型分别辨识出了43.56%和46.55%的农业-交通源、31.77%和26.03%的工业源及19.33%和27.42%的大气降尘源. 研究结果可为蜜瓜种植地土壤重金属污染风险管控和蜜瓜产业的安全高质量发展提供科学的理论依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Conducting detailed investigations and precise tracing of soil heavy metal pollution in specialty agricultural product cultivation areas is of significant practical importance for fully advancing rural revitalization， promoting high-quality and sustainable agricultural development， and supporting national ecological security. This investigation focuses on the soil of the Guazhou melon cultivation area， systematically analyzing the pollution profiles of the heavy metals As， Cd， Cr， Cu， Hg， Ni， Pb， and Zn using methods such as the geo-accumulation index， enrichment factor， modified Nemerow pollution index， and pollution load index. Correlation-cluster analysis， the absolute principal component scores-multiple linear regression （APCS-MLR） model， and the random forest （RF） model were employed to comprehensively identify and quantify the sources and contributions of soil heavy metal pollution. The results indicate that： ① The average levels of As， Cd， Cr， Cu， Hg， Ni， Pb， and Zn in the study area soil were 10.83， 0.28， 51.19， 20.93， 0.03， 25.62， 14.88， and 62.48 mg·kg-1， respectively. Except for Cd， the average concentrations of As， Cr， Cu， Hg， Ni， Pb， and Zn were below the soil background levels for Gansu Province. Moreover， except for 3.4% of samples in which Cd levels exceeded the screening value set by the “soil environmental quality risk control standard for agricultural land （Trial）” （GB 15618-2018） for soils with pH > 7.5， the concentrations of As， Cr， Cu， Hg， Ni， Pb， and Zn in all other samples were below the screening threshold. ② Cd and Hg were the most severely polluted heavy metals in the melon cultivation soil， with highly contaminated samples located near transportation， industrial， and mining areas. ③ The accumulation of soil heavy metals in the melon cultivation area was influenced by combined sources： agricultural-traffic， industrial， and atmospheric deposition. The APCS-MLR model identified contributions of 43.56% from agricultural-traffic sources， 31.77% from industrial sources， and 19.33% from atmospheric deposition， while the RF model identified contributions of 46.55%， 26.03%， and 27.42% from these sources， respectively. The findings provide a scientific basis for managing soil heavy metal pollution risks and ensuring the safe and high-quality development of the melon industry in the region. |
