| 渝东南地质高背景区不同安全利用技术措施对水稻镉含量的影响 |
| 摘要点击 423 全文点击 11 投稿时间：2025-01-17 修订日期：2025-03-21 |
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| 中文关键词 渝东南 地质高背景区 水稻 镉（Cd） 安全利用 |
| 英文关键词 Southeast Chongqing high geological background area rice cadmium （Cd） safe utilization |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20260249 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 余飞 | 重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局川东南地质大队, 重庆土地质量地质调查重点实验室, 重庆 400038 | yfcags@126.com | | 朱世林 | 重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局川东南地质大队, 重庆土地质量地质调查重点实验室, 重庆 400038 | | | 王银华 | 彭水县农业农村委员会, 重庆 409600 | | | 王锐 | 重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局川东南地质大队, 重庆土地质量地质调查重点实验室, 重庆 400038 | | | 周皎 | 重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局川东南地质大队, 重庆土地质量地质调查重点实验室, 重庆 400038 | | | 张云逸 | 重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局川东南地质大队, 重庆土地质量地质调查重点实验室, 重庆 400038 | | | 王佳彬 | 重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局川东南地质大队, 重庆土地质量地质调查重点实验室, 重庆 400038 | | | 蒋玉莲 | 重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局川东南地质大队, 重庆土地质量地质调查重点实验室, 重庆 400038 | | | 贾中民 | 重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局川东南地质大队, 重庆土地质量地质调查重点实验室, 重庆 400038 | jzhongming2021@163.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为保障渝东南地质高背景区镉（Cd）污染农田水稻的安全生产，选取渝东南典型酸性黄壤开展低积累品种（D）、土壤调理剂（T）、叶面阻隔剂（Y）、低积累品种联合土壤调理剂（DT）、低积累品种联合叶面阻隔剂（DY）以及低积累品种联合土壤调理剂和叶面阻隔剂（DTY）的田间试验，比较不同安全利用技术措施对水稻Cd含量的影响. 结果表明，各项安全利用技术措施均能不同程度地降低水稻籽实Cd含量，但仅采用D、T或Y安全利用技术措施存在试验小区水稻籽实Cd超标，采用DT、DY和DTY复合措施能将水稻籽实Cd含量降低至GB 2762-2022规定的食品安全限值以下. 施用钙质土壤调理剂的处理组（T、DT和DTY）均显著提高土壤pH值和降低土壤有效态Cd的含量，有效抑制了Cd从土壤向水稻根系和茎叶迁移；喷施富Si型叶面阻隔剂的处理组（Y、DY和DTY）TF籽实/茎叶显著小于CK处理组（P<0.05），说明叶面阻隔剂提高了茎叶对Cd的固定，从而减少了茎叶中Cd向籽实的转运；水稻低积累品种的差异主要表现在根系Cd向茎叶转运的差异. 与CK处理组相比，所有处理组均表现出不同程度的增产，其中DY处理组水稻产量最高. 在保障水稻籽实Cd安全性前提下，综合水稻产量、经济成本以及农户接受程度等因素，低积累品种联合叶面阻隔剂的综合技术是保障渝东南地质高背景区酸性黄壤安全利用的最佳组合措施. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to ensure the safe production of rice in the Cd-polluted farmland in southeast Chongqing， field experiments of low accumulation variety （D）， soil conditioner （T）， leaf surface barrier agent （Y）， low accumulation variety combined with soil conditioner （DT）， low accumulation variety combined with leaf surface barrier agent （DY）， and low accumulation variety combined with soil conditioner and leaf surface barrier agent （DTY） were carried out in typical acidic yellow soil in southeast Chongqing. The effects of different safe utilization techniques on Cd content in rice were compared. The results showed that all the safe utilization techniques could reduce the content of Cd in rice seeds to varying degrees， but only D， T， or Y safe utilization measures existed in the test plot. Planting rice varieties with low accumulation combined with soil conditioner or leaf barrier agent （DT， DY， and DTY） could reduce the Cd content of rice seeds below the food safety limit specified in GB 2762-2022. In the treatment groups （T， DT， and DTY） treated with calcium soil conditioner， the soil pH value was significantly increased， and the content of available Cd in the soil was decreased， which effectively inhibited the migration of Cd from soil to roots， stems， and leaves of rice. The amount of TF seed/stem and leaf in the treatment group （Y， DY， and DTY） was significantly lower than that in the CK treatment group （P <0.05）， indicating that the leaf and leaf blocking agent improved the fixation of Cd in the stem and leaf and thus reduced the transfer of Cd from the stem and leaf to the seed. The difference of rice varieties with low accumulation was mainly manifested in the difference of Cd transport from roots to stems and leaves. Compared with that in CK， all treatment groups showed different degrees of yield increase， among which the DY treatment group with low accumulation variety combined with leaf barrier agent had the highest yield. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of rice seed Cd， the integrated technology of low accumulation varieties combined with leaf surface barrier is the best combination measure to ensure the safe utilization of acidic yellow soil in the high geological background area of southeast Chongqing， taking into account the factors of rice yield， economic cost， and the acceptance of farmers. |
