| 灌溉方式对石灰性土壤-小麦体系中镉砷迁移和累积的影响 |
| 摘要点击 459 全文点击 26 投稿时间：2025-01-13 修订日期：2025-03-19 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤-小麦体系 重金属 滴灌 Cd和As转运 土壤Cd和As有效性 |
| 英文关键词 soil-wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） system heavy metals drip irrigation Cd and As transport soil Cd and As availability |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20260248 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 温庆喜 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 保定 071000 | 958384592@qq.com | | 杨贵阳 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 保定 071000 | | | 吴彤 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 保定 071000 | | | 王颖 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 保定 071000 | | | 赵全利 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 保定 071000 | | | 杨树深 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 保定 071000 | | | 耿丽平 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 保定 071000 | | | 薛培英 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 保定 071000 | | | 刘文菊 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 保定 071000 | Liuwj@hebau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了探明漫灌（FI）、喷灌（SI）和滴灌（DI）不同灌溉方式对小麦籽粒中镉（Cd）和砷（As）累积的影响效应，采用微区试验，探究了不同灌溉方式下（滴灌和喷灌的灌水量一致，均为漫灌灌水量的2/3）土壤中Cd和As生物有效性的变化及其在冬小麦各部位分布、迁移和累积. 结果表明，与FI处理相比，DI处理显著降低了籽粒中Cd和As含量，降幅分别为22.14%和17.46%，同时籽粒Cd和As累积量分别显著下降了32.09%和27.77%，但并没有降低穗粒数和百粒重. 进一步分析发现，DI处理通过降低根区土壤Eh调控了根际优势菌属的组成，降低unclassified_o__Rokubacteriales相对丰度，增加Bacillus和Skermanella相对丰度，这导致土壤可交换态Cd（F1-Cd）比例低于FI和SI处理8.13%~24.54%；同时，DI处理通过增加Bacillus、unclassified_ f__JG30-KF-CM45和unclassified_ f__A4b相对丰度使土壤专性吸附态As（F2-As）比例高于FI和SI处理9.73%~31.36%，以上菌属驱动了土壤Cd和As的转化过程，降低了土壤溶液中Cd浓度（最大降幅73.78%），并进一步阻控了Cd由颖壳向籽粒转运，虽然增加了土壤溶液As浓度（最大增幅171.73%），但抑制了As从穗轴和颖壳向籽粒的转运，并降低了籽粒中Cd和As的累积速率，最终降低了滴灌小麦籽粒中Cd和As含量及累积量. 综上，中度Cd和As复合污染石灰性土壤小麦种植体系采用滴灌的灌溉方式，节水的同时能够降低小麦可食部位Cd和As含量与累积，可为重金属复合污染耕地安全利用提供新策略. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to clarify the effects of flood irrigation （FI）， sprinkler irrigation （SI）， and drip irrigation （DI） on the accumulation of cadmium （Cd） and arsenic （As） in wheat grains， a mini-plot experiment was carried out to investigate the variations of soil Cd and As bioavailability in the rhizosphere under three irrigation treatments （DI and SI with the same irrigation volume， both equal to two-thirds of FI） and the distribution， migration， and accumulation of Cd and As in various parts of winter wheat. The results showed that the DI treatment reduced grain-Cd by 22.14% and grain-As by 17.46% and the accumulation of Cd by 32.09% and As by 27.77% in wheat grains and did not decrease the hundred-grain weight and grain number per spike compared with that in FI. Furthermore， it was found that the DI treatment decreased soil Eh and then regulated the composition of dominant rhizobacterial genera. DI reduced the relative abundance of unclassified_o__Rokubacteriales and increased the relative abundances of Bacillus and Skermanella， which resulted in the proportions of exchangeable-Cd （F1-Cd） being reduced by 8.13%-24.54%. Further， the DI treatment increased the relative abundances of Bacillus， unclassified_ f__JG30-KF-CM45， and unclassified_ f__A4b， which enlarged the proportions of specifically adsorbed-As （F2-As） by 9.73%-31.36%. Therefore， the variation of the above-mentioned genera has driven the bio-transformation of Cd and As in soil， and DI decreased Cd concentrations in the soil solution by 73.78% maximally compared with that of FI and further inhibited Cd transport from glume to grain. However， the DI treatment improved the concentrations of As in the soil solution by 171.73% maximally but inhibited As translocation from rachis and glume to grain compared with those in FI and SI， respectively. Additionally， DI alleviated the accumulation rates of Cd and As in wheat grain and finally reduced the concentrations and accumulation of Cd and As in the grains. In summary， drip irrigation is a better pathway to save water resources and reduce Cd and As accumulation in wheat grain cultivated in calcareous soil with moderate Cd and As co-contaminated agricultural land， which could provide a new strategy for the safe utilization of heavy metal-contaminated farmland. |
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