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基于多种定性、定量分析方法的地下水硝酸盐来源解析
摘要点击 461  全文点击 24  投稿时间:2025-02-06  修订日期:2025-04-10
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中文关键词  地下水  水化学特征  稳定同位素混合模型(SIAR)  绝对主成分得分-多元线性回归模型(APCS-MLR)  硝酸盐溯源
英文关键词  groundwater  hydrochemical characteristics  stable isotope analysis in R (SIAR)  absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression model (APCS-MLR)  nitrate source resolution
DOI    10.13227/j.hjkx.20260237
作者单位E-mail
席玥 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048
国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室, 北京 100871 
xiyue_1102@163.com 
徐蘇士 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048
国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室, 北京 100871 
 
陈吉吉 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048
国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室, 北京 100871 
 
陶蕾 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048
国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室, 北京 100871 
 
荆红卫 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048
国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室, 北京 100871 
jinghongwei@bjmemc.com.cn 
郭婧 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048
国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室, 北京 100871 
 
田颖 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048
国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室, 北京 100871 
 
沈秀娥 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048
国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室, 北京 100871 
 
陈倩 国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室, 北京 100871
北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 北京 100871 
 
中文摘要
      硝酸盐是地下水中较为常见的污染物,确定其来源对于地下水污染防控具有重要意义. 以北京市平原区某地地下水为研究对象,在水化学指标定性分析的基础上,联合稳定同位素混合模型(SIAR)和绝对主成分得分-多元线性回归模型(APCS-MLR)进一步定量识别不同影响因素对地下水硝酸盐(NO3-)的贡献程度. 结果表明,研究区地下水水化学类型以HCO3-Ca·Mg型为主,优势阴、阳离子分别为HCO3-和Ca2+. 地下水中主要水化学离子来源于含水层岩石风化溶解,但同时也受人类活动的影响. SIAR分析结果显示土壤有机氮是地下水中NO3-的主要来源,贡献率达到43.2%,其次是化肥,贡献率为38.7%,粪便污水贡献率相对较小;APCS-MLR分析结果表明,研究区地下水水位上升导致的土壤淋溶作用是地下水中NO3-浓度升高的主要影响因素,贡献率达到52.6%,此外,农业和生活来源导致的面源污染也会影响地下水NO3-浓度,贡献率分别为11.7%和10.8%. 不同分析方法的定性结果相互吻合,定量结果互为补充,多种方法联合可以更为高效准确识别和量化地下水NO3-污染来源.
英文摘要
      Nitrate is one of the most common contaminants in groundwater. It is of considerable significance to identify its sources for the prevention and control of groundwater pollution. Here, we took the groundwater of a typical area in Beijing plain as the research object, using the qualitative analysis of hydrochemical indexes, combined with stable isotope analysis in R (SIAR) and absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression model (APCS-MLR) to further identify and quantitatively analyze the contribution of different factors to NO3-. The results revealed that the main hydrochemical type of the groundwater in the study area was HCO3-Ca·Mg, and the predominant anion and cation were HCO3- and Ca2+, respectively. The hydrochemical ions in groundwater mainly originated from the weathering of aquifer rocks but were also influenced by human activities. The results of SIAR demonstrated that the soil organic nitrogen was the most important source of NO3- in the groundwater, with a contribution rate of 43.2%, followed by chemical fertilizer with a contribution rate of 38.7%, and fecal sewage had a relatively small contribution. The results of APCS-MLR analysis indicated that the soil leaching caused by the rising groundwater level in the study area was the major driving factor to the increase in NO3- concentration in groundwater, with a contribution rate of 52.6%. Additionally, non-point source pollution caused by agricultural and living activities also affected the content of NO3- in groundwater, with contribution rates of 11.7% and 10.8%, respectively. The analysis results of hydrochemical indexes, SIAR, and APCS-MLR were consistent and complemented each other. Thus, the combination of multiple qualitative and quantitative statistical analysis methods can make it more accurate and effective in the identification of the groundwater nitrate sources.

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