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磷和秸秆添加对黑土CO2排放量的影响及其驱动因素
摘要点击 596  全文点击 42  投稿时间:2025-02-23  修订日期:2025-04-14
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中文关键词  黑土  农田土壤  磷有效性  秸秆添加  二氧化碳(CO2)排放量
英文关键词  black soil  agricultural soil  phosphorus availability  straw addition  soil CO2 emission
DOI    10.13227/j.hjkx.20260215
作者单位E-mail
张路平 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 zhangluping09@163.com 
李亚林 中国农业大学土地科学技术学院, 北京 100193  
孙晓东 山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院, 土壤健康山西省实验室, 太原 030031  
任凤玲 生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012  
高洪军 吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 长春 130033  
邬磊 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 wulei01@caas.cn 
孙楠 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 sunnan@caas.cn 
徐明岗 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081
山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院, 土壤健康山西省实验室, 太原 030031 
 
中文摘要
      秸秆还田是提升土壤碳积累和肥力的重要农田管理措施,但其可能引发土壤微生物的养分限制,进而影响CO2排放量. 磷(P)作为关键养分,磷有效性和秸秆还田如何调控黑土二氧化碳(CO2)排放量尚不清楚. 因此,采集公主岭黑土长期定位施肥试验中的不施肥处理土样,设置9个梯度磷添加(0、5、10、15、30、50、80、100和150 mg·kg-1的Na2HPO4溶液,以P计),结合添加秸秆,进行了28 d的室内培养试验,期间测定CO2排放量的动态变化,分析磷和秸秆添加对黑土CO2排放量的影响及其驱动因素. 结果表明,在不添加秸秆条件下,黑土累计CO2排放量(以C计)为311.0~386.5 mg·kg-1,CO2排放量随着磷添加量的增加呈先下降后上升的非线性变化趋势,在15 mg·kg-1的磷添加量下达到最低值,较不添加磷处理显著降低18.1%. 在秸秆添加条件下,黑土累计CO2排放量为721.9~855.5 mg·kg-1,平均为不添加秸秆的2.3倍,且随着磷添加量的增加呈线性增长趋势,在100 mg·kg-1的磷添加量下达到最大值,较不添加磷显著增加18.5%. 相关分析结果表明,在不添加秸秆条件下,黑土累计CO2排放量与溶解性有机碳(DOC)和溶解性无机氮(DIN)显著正相关,在秸秆添加条件下,黑土累计CO2排放量与DOC、DIN和微生物生物量碳(MBC)显著正相关. 磷添加显著改变了土壤DOC、DIN、MBC含量和微生物呼吸熵(qCO2),进而调控CO2排放量. 综上,在不添加秸秆条件下,适量磷添加可缓解黑土碳分解损失,而在秸秆添加条件下,黑土CO2排放量随磷添加量的增加而增加. 在农业生产中,应根据土壤磷有效性合理调控磷肥施用量,避免过量施用磷肥,以实现固碳减排的双重目标.
英文摘要
      Straw return is a crucial agricultural practice for enhancing soil carbon accumulation and fertility, but it may induce nutrient limitation on soil microbes, potentially affecting CO2 emissions. Phosphorus (P), a key nutrient, plays an essential role in this context, yet how P availability and straw return regulate the CO2 emissions of black soil remains poorly understood. We utilized soil samples from a long-term fertilization experiment in Gongzhuling black soil under a non-fertilized treatment. Nine gradients of P addition (0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 50, 80, 100, and 150 mg·kg-1 Na2HPO4 solution, on a P basis), combined with straw addition, were carried out in a 28-day incubation experiment, during which their dynamic CO2 emissions were monitored to examine the effects of P and straw addition on CO2 emissions from the soil to identify the driving factors. The results indicated that in the absence of straw addition, the cumulative CO2 emissions from the tested black soil ranged from 311.0 to 386.5 mg·kg-1 (on a carbon basis). As P addition rates increased, the cumulative CO2 emissions exhibited a nonlinear pattern, initially decreasing and then increasing, with the lowest value occurring at 15 mg·kg-1 P addition rate, which was 18.1% lower than that in the no-phosphorus treatment. Under straw addition, the cumulative CO2 emissions from the tested black soil ranged from 721.9 to 855.5 mg·kg-1, which was on average 2.3 times higher than those in the absence of straw. As P addition increased, the CO2 emissions showed a linear increase, peaking at 100 mg·kg-1 P addition rate, which was 18.5% higher than that in the no-phosphorus treatment. Correlation analysis revealed that, in the absence of straw, cumulative CO2 emissions were significantly positively correlated with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). Under straw addition, cumulative CO2 emissions were significantly positively correlated with DOC, DIN, and microbial biomass carbon (MBC). P addition significantly altered the contents of DOC, DIN, MBC, and metabolic quotient (qCO2), thereby regulating CO2 emissions. In conclusion, in the absence of straw, moderate P addition can alleviate carbon decomposition loss in the tested black soil. However, with straw addition, P addition might promote carbon decomposition, increasing CO2 emissions from the tested black soil. In practical agricultural production, applying phosphate fertilizer should be rationally regulated based on soil P availability to avoid excessive application, thereby achieving the dual objectives of carbon sequestration and CO2 emission reduction.

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