| 水环境塑料际细菌抗生素抗性的污染现状及传播风险 |
| 摘要点击 1676 全文点击 67 投稿时间：2024-11-14 修订日期：2025-02-26 |
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| 中文关键词 塑料际 抗生素抗性基因（ARGs） 微塑料（MPs） 水环境 健康风险 |
| 英文关键词 plastisphere antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） microplastics（MPs） aquatic environment health risks |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202411147 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 微塑料作为一类新兴的污染物，广泛分布于地球水圈. 它不仅为微生物的生长（含抗生素抗性细菌）提供了新的生态位，还能与环境中其他污染物，如重金属、抗生素、消毒剂等相互作用，并且随着水流及食物链进行迁移，影响耐药细菌以及抗性基因的传播和扩散. 因此，微塑料不仅能作为水环境病原菌传播的媒介，还可能是耐药基因转移的热区，对人类健康和城市生态安全构成严重威胁. 综述了当前不同水域（含海水、淡水及污水）塑料际的抗生素抗性基因的种类和丰度，探讨了塑料际抗生素抗性基因传播扩散的影响因素，及其对人类健康和生态系统的潜在风险. 最后，对未来塑料际抗生素抗性的研究方向进行了展望，可为全面认识塑料际抗生素抗性的相关问题提供新的见解. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Microplastics， as emerging contaminants， are widely distributed in the hydrosphere of the Earth. They not only provide a new niche for microorganisms， including antibiotic-resistant bacteria， but also interact with other pollutants， such as heavy metals， antibiotics， disinfectants， etc. Moreover， they migrate with water flow and through the food chains， influencing the spread and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes. Therefore， microplastics may not only serve as a vector for the transmission of pathogens but also be a hotspot for the transfer of resistance genes， posing significant threats to both human health and urban ecosystems. This review summarizes the types and abundances of antibiotic resistance genes in the plastisphere of different waters areas （including seawater， freshwater， and wastewater） and explores the influencing factors for the spread and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in the plastisphere， as well as their potential risks to human health and ecosystems. Finally， the future research directions of antibiotic resistance in the plastisphere are prospected， aiming to provide new insights for a comprehensive understanding of relevant issues regarding antibiotic resistance in the plastisphere. |
