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木里矿区人工草地土壤理化特征和细菌多样性对不同利用方式和坡向的响应
摘要点击 109  全文点击 7  投稿时间:2024-05-16  修订日期:2024-08-22
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中文关键词  高寒矿区  人工草地  利用方式  细菌多样性  坡向
英文关键词  alpine mining area  artificially seeded grassland  utilization modes  bacterial diversity  slope aspect
DOI    10.13227/j.hjkx.20250759
作者单位E-mail
吴勇 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 西宁 810016
青海大学农牧学院, 西宁 810016 
1196440850@qq.com 
乔有明 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 西宁 810016  
李希来 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 西宁 810016
青海大学农牧学院, 西宁 810016 
xilai-li@163.com 
李成一 青海大学农牧学院, 西宁 810016  
孙华方 青海民族大学生态环境与资源学院, 西宁 810007  
周怡志 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 西宁 810016
青海大学农牧学院, 西宁 810016 
 
陈国榕 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 西宁 810016
青海大学农牧学院, 西宁 810016 
 
中文摘要
      为揭示高寒矿区人工建植草地土壤理化性质、细菌群落结构和多样性对冬季枯草利用方式的响应机制,在青海省木里矿区不同坡向设置人工草地不同利用方式试验,进行不同坡向人工草地利用方式对土壤理化性质、细菌群落组成及多样性的影响研究. 结果表明,冬季刈割和放牧利用均降低了人工草地土壤含水量,放牧利用显著降低阳坡土壤pH,提高土壤的速效氮、速效磷及土壤有机碳含量(P<0.05). 放牧和刈割利用降低了土壤中细菌的OTUs数量,其中放牧利用处理显著降低了阳坡土壤细菌群落的Shannon指数、Ace指数和Chao1指数(P<0.05). 与围封相比,放牧显著降低了阳坡酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)的相对丰度(P<0.05),显著提高了阴坡酸杆菌门的相对丰度(P<0.05). RDA分析表明,土壤有机碳是影响高寒矿区渣山阳坡土壤细菌优势门属分布的主要因素,土壤速效磷是影响高寒矿区渣山阴坡土壤细菌优势门属分布的主要因素. 因此,不同坡向高寒矿区人工草地冬季利用方式会显著影响土壤理化和细菌微生群落组成及多样性特征.
英文摘要
      To elucidate the response mechanisms of soil bacterial community structure and diversity to winter senescent grass utilization modes in artificially seeded grasslands in alpine mining areas, a study was conducted in the Muli mining area of Qinghai Province, where the senescent grass on the slopes of various aspects was utilized in different modes. The results showed that both winter mowing and grazing reduced soil moisture content in the artificial grasslands. Grazing significantly decreased soil pH on sunny slopes and increased available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and soil organic carbon content (P<0.05). Both grazing and mowing reduced the number of bacterial OTUs in the soil, with grazing significantly decreasing the Shannon index, Ace index, and Chao1 index of the soil bacterial community on sunny slopes (P<0.05). Compared to enclosure, grazing significantly reduced the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota on sunny slopes (P<0.05) and significantly increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota on shady slopes (P<0.05). RDA analysis indicated that soil organic carbon was the main factor affecting the distribution of dominant bacterial phyla on sunny slopes of the alpine mining area, while available phosphorus was the main factor affecting the distribution of dominant bacterial phyla on shady slopes. Therefore, the winter utilization modes of the artificially seeded grasslands in the alpine mining areas significantly impacted the composition and diversity of soil bacterial communities across different slope aspects.

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