| 基于景观生态安全评价的贵州省生态安全网络构建及多情景模拟 |
| 摘要点击 101 全文点击 2 投稿时间：2024-06-30 修订日期：2024-08-25 |
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| 中文关键词 PLUS模型 景观生态安全评价 形态空间格局分析（MSPA） 电路理论 生态安全网络 贵州省 |
| 英文关键词 PLUS model landscape ecological security assessment morphological spatial pattern analysis （MSPA） circuit theory ecological security network Guizhou Province |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20250749 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 构建合理的生态安全网络是协调解决生态保护与经济发展矛盾的关键一环. 以喀斯特发育典型和生态本底脆弱的贵州省为例，基于PLUS模型模拟2030年耕地保护情景、生态保护情景和自然发展情景；依据景观生态风险指数划分各情景景观生态安全区，并耦合生态安全分区结果与InVEST-MSPA模型识别生态源地，运用电路理论提取生态廊道和生态夹点，以此构成贵州省2020年及2030年未来多情景生态安全网络. 结果表明：① 2020年和2030年各情景的景观生态风险均值相差较小，但生态安全区空间布局差异较大，生态风险总体呈现西北高、东南低的空间分布规律. ②各情景生态源地总体上呈东南多、西北少的空间分布态势，与生态风险格局吻合；生态源地多以生境质量高，景观连通性强的斑块为主. ③2020年（现状），2030年耕地保护情景、生态保护情景和自然发展情景提取的生态廊道数分别为126、56、113和126条；识别的生态夹点数分别为107、 67、104和168个；识别的障碍点数分别为54、24、69和69个. ④贵州省是我国3个生态文明建设先行示范省份之一，脆弱生态环境保护对于经济发展的约束性强；自然发展情景下的景观生态风险较低且生态安全网络布局较为切合实际，因此该情景满足贵州省生态保护与经济发展的双向需求. 研究结果可为贵州省未来生态安全区划分和生态安全管控提供科学参考. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Building a reasonable ecological security network is a key for the coordinated solution in the contradiction between ecological protection and economic development. Taking Guizhou Province with typical karst development and a weak ecological background as an example， the cultivated land protection scenario， ecological protection scenario， and natural development scenario in 2030 were simulated based on the PLUS model. According to the landscape ecological risk index， landscape ecological security zones were divided into different scenarios， ecological source areas were identified by the ecological security zoning results and the InVEST-MSPA model， and ecological corridors and ecological pinch points were extracted by the circuit theory， to form an ecological security network for Guizhou Province in 2020 and 2030. The results showed that： ① The mean values of landscape ecological risks in 2020 and 2030 were relatively small， but the spatial distribution of ecological security zones was quite different， and ecological risks were generally higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast. ② The spatial distribution of ecological source areas was greater in the southeast and less in the northwest， which was consistent with the ecological risk pattern. The ecological sources were mainly patches with high habitat quality and strong landscape connectivity. ③ The number of ecological corridors extracted in 2020 （current situation） and in the 2030 cultivated land protection scenario， ecological protection scenario， and natural development scenario were 126， 56， 113， and 126， respectively； the number of ecological pinch points identified were 107， 67， 104， and 168， respectively； and the numbers of obstacle points identified were 54， 24， 69， and 69， respectively. ④ Guizhou Province is one of the three leading demonstration provinces of ecological civilization construction in China， and the protection of the fragile ecological environment is highly restrictive to economic development. The landscape ecological risk under the natural development scenario was low， and the layout of ecological safety network was more realistic； thus， this scenario met the two-way needs of ecological protection and economic development in Guizhou Province. The research results can provide a scientific reference for the division of the ecological safety zone and ecological security control in Guizhou Province in the future. |
