| 北京市主城区地表城市热岛强度格局演变特征及驱动因子空间异质性 |
| 摘要点击 658 全文点击 83 投稿时间：2024-05-27 修订日期：2024-07-22 |
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| 中文关键词 地表热岛强度 交叉转换特征识别 驱动因子 空间异质性 主城区 |
| 英文关键词 surface urban heat island intensity spatial-temporal cross transformation driving factors spatial heterogeneity main urban area |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20250659 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 城市热环境的优化与改善是我国城市构建高品质人居环境、提升居民舒适度和幸福感的重要课题. 基于北京市主城区2005~2021年的Landsat影像，以“热岛强度分区”为标尺，从“整体格局演化-交叉转换特征-转换模式-驱动因子”这4个层面刻画北京市主城区热岛强度空间格局演变特征，解析驱动力的空间差异，衔接与国土空间优化之间的内在逻辑. 结果发现：①2005~2021年期间，北京市主城区的地表热岛强度呈现出自中心向四周递减的空间格局，但高温区空间聚集性有所减弱，高温范围外延明显，主要向西北方向延伸；②向“中温区”方向的交叉转换是北京市主城区热岛强度转换的主要类型，分地区来看，五环外城区的热岛强度时空交叉转换相对最为剧烈，向“高温区”方向的转换是二环内城区的主要转换方向；③建筑覆盖度、植被覆盖度和水体指数是优化热环境的主导驱动因子，导致热岛强度加剧的主导因子有地表粗糙度、道路密度和不透水面比. 从驱动因子的空间异质性角度看，针对街区热环境的调节，植被覆盖度与不透水面比的贡献程度在“激进型”街道中较显著，“加剧型”街道中建筑覆盖度的驱动力更大，“平衡型”街道中道路密度的调控较为关键，而在“适应型”街道中水体指数和地表粗糙度的贡献程度更强. 以上结果可为城市地表热岛局地气候变化研究和可持续人居环境建设提供科学参考. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The optimization and mitigation of urban heat island intensity is an important issue for cities to build a high-quality living environment and improve residents' comfort and happiness. To connect with the internal logic between the optimization of territorial space， the spatial evolution and driving factors of the heat island intensity in the main urban area of Beijing was measured from the four aspects of “overall pattern evolution， cross-transformation features， transformation modes， and driving factors” based on Landsat images of the main urban area of Beijing from 2005 to 2021， and the spatial heterogeneity of driving forces were analyzed. The results show that： ① From 2005 to 2021， the surface heat island intensity of the main urban area of Beijing presented a spatial pattern of decreasing from the center to the periphery， but the spatial aggregation of the high temperature area was gradually weakened， the high temperature range was obviously extended， and the northwest heat island intensity was significantly increased. ② The cross-conversion towards a “medium temperature area” was the main type of heat island intensity transformation in the main urban area of Beijing. By region， the cross-conversion towards a “medium temperature area” was the most intense in the outer urban area of the Fifth Ring Road， and the main conversion direction was the “medium temperature area” in the inner urban area of the Second Ring Road. ③ Building coverage， vegetation coverage， and water body index were the leading driving factors to optimize heat island intensity， and the leading factors of the intensification of heat island intensity were surface roughness， road density， and impervious surface ratio. From the perspective of spatial heterogeneity of driving factors， for the adjustment of the thermal environment of the block， the contribution degree of vegetation coverage and impervious surface ratio was more significant in “aggressive” streets， the driving force of building coverage was greater in “intensive” streets， and the regulation of road density was more critical in “balanced” streets. In the “adaptive” street， the contribution of water index and surface roughness was stronger. The above results can provide scientific reference for the study of local climate change of the urban surface heat island and the construction of a sustainable human settlement environment. |
