秸秆还田与化肥配施对冬小麦土壤微生物量及化学计量特征和微生物熵的影响 |
摘要点击 711 全文点击 81 投稿时间:2024-05-16 修订日期:2024-07-22 |
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中文关键词 秸秆还田 冬小麦 微生物生物量 微生物熵 化学计量不平衡性 |
英文关键词 straw return winter wheat microbial biomass microbial entropy stoichiometric imbalance |
DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20250656 |
作者 | 单位 | E-mail | 宋鉴恒 | 陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心, 杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农学院, 杨凌 712100 | 762719427@qq.com | 黄婧宇 | 陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心, 杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农学院, 杨凌 712100 | | 郭欣玉 | 陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心, 杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农学院, 杨凌 712100 | | 宋佳杰 | 陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心, 杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农学院, 杨凌 712100 | | 黄禹铭 | 陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心, 杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农学院, 杨凌 712100 | | 王晨瑜 | 陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心, 杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农学院, 杨凌 712100 | | 冯永忠 | 陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心, 杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农学院, 杨凌 712100 | fengyz@nwsuaf.edu.cn | 任广鑫 | 陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心, 杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农学院, 杨凌 712100 | | 王兴 | 陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心, 杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农学院, 杨凌 712100 | |
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中文摘要 |
为探究秸秆还田和化肥相互作用对农田土壤微生物活性、微生物生物量(SMB)、土壤微生物熵(qmb)和土壤-微生物化学计量不平衡性的影响从而稳固土壤和增产培肥,试验采用二因素裂区设计,主处理为秸秆还田(W1)和秸秆不还田(W0),副处理为不施化肥、施用氮肥(N)和施用氮磷肥(NP),探究不同处理下土壤-微生物量碳氮磷变化特征及化学计量特征、化学计量不平衡性和微生物量熵之间的耦合关系. 结果表明,W1NP土壤有机碳(SOC)含量相比于W0显著提高(P<0.05),W1NP土壤全氮(TN)含量相比W0提高了56.56%,土壤(TP)含量没有显著差异(P>0.05),W1NP处理C/P相较于W0显著提高(P<0.05). W1NP处理土壤微生物碳(MBC)、土壤微生物氮(MBN)和土壤微生物磷(MBP)含量均相较于W0显著提高(P<0.05). 秸秆还田各处理中土壤MBN含量较W0相比均有显著提高(P<0.05). W0NP与W1NP处理土壤MBP含量差异不显著(P>0.05),但均显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),各处理MBN/MBP均显著高于W0(P<0.05). 施用磷肥微生物量熵碳(qmbc)、微生物量熵氮(qmbn)和微生物量熵磷(qmbp)会显著增加(P<0.05),W1与W0处理碳磷不平衡比(C/Pimb)无显著差异(P>0.05),但显著高于其他处理(P<0.05). 各处理氮磷不平衡比(N/Pimb)较W0均显著降低(P<0.05). 相关性分析表明,MBC、MBN和MBP间均为显著正相关关系(P<0.05),且均与化学计量不平衡性呈显著负相关(P<0.05). 冗余分析表明,MBC/MBP与qmbc之间关系最密切,MBN/MBP与微生物量熵磷之间关系显著,微生物量熵氮与MBN/MBP之间关系最密切(P<0.05). 综上所述,秸秆还田配施氮磷肥(W1NP)处理改善土壤养分,改变土壤化学计量特征,同时提高土壤肥力,是最优处理. |
英文摘要 |
In order to investigate the effects of the interaction between straw return and chemical fertilizer on soil microbial activity, microbial biomass (SMB), soil microbial entropy (qmb), and soil-microbial stoichiometric imbalance in agricultural soil so as to realize the stabilization of soil and increase the production of fertilizers, the experiment was carried out in a two-factor split-area design, with the primary treatments of straw return (W1) and straw non-return (W0) and the secondary treatments of no fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer (N) and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer (NP), and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer (NP), to investigate the characteristics of soil-microbial carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus changes and the coupling relationship between stoichiometric characteristics, stoichiometric imbalance, and microbial entropy under different treatments. The results showed that the soil organic carbon (SOC) content of W1NP was significantly increased compared with that of W0 (P<0.05), the soil total nitrogen (TN) content of W1NP was increased by 56.56% compared with that of W0, there was no significant difference in the soil TP content (P>0.05), and the C/P was significantly increased in the W1NP treatment compared with that in W0 (P<0.05). The soil microbial carbon (MBC), soil microbial nitrogen (MBN), and soil microbial phosphorus (MBP) contents were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to those of W0. Soil MBN content was significantly higher in all treatments of straw return compared to that of W0 (P<0.05). The difference in soil MBP content between the W0NP and W1NP treatments was not significant (P>0.05), but both were significantly higher than those of the other treatments (P<0.05), and MBN/MBP was significantly higher than that of W0 in all treatments (P<0.05). Application of phosphorus fertilizer significantly increased qmbc, qmbn, and qmbp (P<0.05), and the carbon and phosphorus imbalance ratios (C/Pimb) of the W1 and W0 treatments were not significantly different (P>0.05) but were significantly higher than in the other treatments (P<0.05). The nitrogen phosphorus imbalance ratio (N/Pimb) was significantly lower (P<0.05) in all treatments compared to that in W0. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between MBC, MBN, and MBP (P<0.05) and all were significantly negatively correlated with stoichiometric imbalance (P<0.05). Redundancy analysis showed that the closest relationship was between MBC/MBP and qmbc, a significant relationship was between MBN/MBP and microbial mass entropy phosphorus, and the closest relationship was between microbial mass entropy nitrogen and MBN/MBP (P<0.05). In conclusion, the straw return with the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer (W1NP) treatment was optimal for improving soil nutrients and changing soil stoichiometric characteristics, as well as increasing soil fertility. |