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基于土壤质量指数面积法和土壤敏感性-抗性法的非粮化耕地土壤健康评价:以宁波市为例
摘要点击 616  全文点击 84  投稿时间:2024-06-03  修订日期:2024-08-08
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中文关键词  耕地非粮化  土地利用方式  雷达图面积法  敏感性-抗性法  土壤多功能性  土壤质量
英文关键词  non-grain utilization of cultivated land  land use types  radar map area method  sensitivity-resistance method  soil multifunctionality  soil quality
DOI    10.13227/j.hjkx.20250648
作者单位E-mail
杨亚婷 广西大学林学院, 广西森林生态与保育重点实验室, 亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 南宁 530004
宁波大学植物病毒学研究所, 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 宁波 315211 
1683470879@qq.com 
秦方锦 宁波市农业技术推广总站, 宁波 315000  
王双 宁波大学植物病毒学研究所, 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 宁波 315211  
王聪 广西大学林学院, 广西森林生态与保育重点实验室, 亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 南宁 530004 wangcuriel@foxmail.com 
祝贞科 宁波大学植物病毒学研究所, 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 宁波 315211  
李刚 浙江省城市环境过程与污染控制重点实验室, 宁波(北仑)中科海西产业技术创新中心, 宁波 315830  
金树权 宁波市农业科学研究院, 宁波 315101  
葛体达 宁波大学植物病毒学研究所, 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 宁波 315211  
中文摘要
      为了解宁波市非粮化耕地土壤健康状况,明确非粮化耕地土壤主要障碍因子,探究非粮化对土壤质量的影响,构建宁波市非粮化耕地土壤健康评价综合体系. 以宁波市对照耕地和典型的非粮化耕地土壤为研究对象,采集对照耕地、果园和苗木等利用方式下0~20 cm表层土壤样品268个,测定土壤物理、化学、生物以及重金属等22项指标,运用主成分分析、相关性分析结合Norm值的方法构建最小数据集,采用土壤质量指数面积法和土壤敏感性-抗性法构建宁波市土壤健康评价体系,结合土壤多功能性判断宁波市非粮化耕地的健康状况. 结果表明:①与对照耕地土壤相比,果园和苗木两种非粮化种植方式下,土壤容重(BD)显著增加(P<0.05),有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、速效磷(AP)、有效铜(ACu)、土壤胞外酶活性和土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)显著降低(P<0.05). ②宁波市非粮化耕地土壤健康评价的最小数据集由BD、电导率(EC)、SOC、可溶性有机碳(DOC)、铵态氮(NH4+-N)、TN、有效铁(AFe)、有效锰(AMn)和酸性磷酸酶(Phos)这9个指标构成,经全数据集验证所构建的最小数据集可体现宁波市非粮化耕地土壤健康状况的有效信息. ③基于土壤质量指数面积法可知,非粮化利用下耕地土壤SOC、TN、AFe、AMn和Phos含量低于对照耕地. ④根据敏感性-抗性分析可知,土壤敏感指标包括SOC、DOC、NH4+-N、TN、AFe和AMn,抗性指标为BD和EC. ⑤随机森林模型分析表明,TN、SOC、N-乙酰氨基-β-D葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)和Phos是土壤多功能性的主要驱动因子,AFe、AMn、Phos和DOC是土壤质量的主要驱动因子. 总体上,两种非粮化种植方式下土壤质量指数、土壤多功能性指数均显著低于对照耕地土壤. 因此,研究摸清了宁波市非粮化土壤的健康状况,明确了非粮化耕地土壤主要障碍因子,可为宁波市非粮化耕地分类整治和保障粮食安全提供了一定的数据支撑和理论基础.
英文摘要
      The aim of this study was to understand the soil health status of non-grain cultivated land in Ningbo, identify the main obstacle factors of non-grain cultivated land, explore the effect of non-grain on soil quality, and construct a comprehensive soil health evaluation system of non-grain cultivated land in Ningbo. Taking the soil of control cultivated land and typical non-grain cultivated land in Ningbo as the research object, 268 surface soil samples of 0-20 cm were collected under the utilization of control cultivated land, orchards, and nursery-grown plants. The 22 indexes of soil physics, chemistry, biology, and heavy metals were determined; the minimum data set was constructed by using principal component analysis, correlation analysis, and Norm value; and the soil health evaluation system in Ningbo was constructed using the soil quality index area method and soil sensitivity-resistance method, combined with soil multifunctionality to judge the quality of non-grain cultivated land in Ningbo. The results showed that: ① Compared with the soil of control cultivated land, soil bulk density (BD) in orchards and nursery-grown plants increased significantly (P<0.05), while the contents of organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), available copper (ACu), soil extracellular enzyme activity, and soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) decreased significantly (P<0.05). ② The minimum data set for soil health evaluation of non-grain cultivated land in Ningbo consisted of BD, electrical conductivity (EC), SOC, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), tammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), TN, available iron (AFe), available manganese (AMn), and acid phosphatase (Phos). The minimum data set verified by the total data set could reflect the effective information of non-grain soil quality in Ningbo. ③ Based on the soil quality index area method, the content of SOC, TN, AFe, AMn, and Phos in the cultivated land under non-grain utilization was lower than that of the control cultivated land. ④ According to the sensitivity and resistance analysis, the soil sensitive indexes included SOC, DOC, NH4+-N, TN, AFe, and AMn, and the resistance index was BD and EC. ⑤ The random forest model showed that TN, SOC, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosidase (NAG), and Phos were the main driving factors of soil multifunctionality index, while AFe, AMn, Phos, and DOC were the main driving factors of soil quality index. On the whole, the soil quality index and soil multifunctionality index of the two non-grain planting methods were lower than those of the control cultivated soil. Therefore, this study determined the health status of non-grain soil in Ningbo, identified the main obstacle factors of non-grain cultivated land, and provided some data support and theoretical basis for the classification and renovation of non-grain cultivated land and ensuring food security in Ningbo.

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