| 三江源不同冻土区生态环境质量时空演变及驱动力分析 |
| 摘要点击 1319 全文点击 69 投稿时间：2024-06-18 修订日期：2024-07-23 |
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| 中文关键词 生态环境质量 时空演变 遥感生态指数（RSEI） 地理探测器 冻土区 三江源 |
| 英文关键词 ecological environment quality spatial-temporal evolution remote sensing ecological index（RSEI） geodetector frozen ground region Three-River Headwater Region |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20250637 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 在全球变暖导致冻土退化的趋势下，对三江源不同冻土区的生态环境质量时空演变及驱动力进行研究，可为区域生态环境治理和生态文明建设提供一定理论依据. 基于谷歌地球引擎（GEE）2000~2022年的MODIS数据集构建遥感生态指数（RSEI），结合变异系数、重心迁移、Theil-Sen斜率估计、Mann-Kendall检验与Hurst指数探索三江源不同冻土区生态环境质量的时空演变规律，并运用地理探测器对比分析自然和人为因子对生态环境质量空间分异的驱动力. 结果表明：①2000~2022年，三江源生态环境质量整体处于中等水平，呈现“西北低、东南高”的空间分布格局，各冻土区RSEI均值依次为：大片-岛状多年冻土区（0.630）>山地多年冻土区（0.624）>中深季节冻土区（0.587）>大片多年冻土区（0.429）. ②23 a间，三江源生态环境质量整体变好，RSEI上升速率为0.001 5 a-1，RSEI各等级重心向大片多年冻土区内部迁移，各冻土区均有超过57.00%的面积呈改善趋势，中深季节冻土区达到73.37%. ③未来，三江源生态环境质量总体呈反持续特征，各冻土区均以轻微恶化趋势为主，中深季节冻土区呈恶化趋势的面积最大（61.95%）. ④降水为三江源不同冻土区生态环境质量空间分异的主导因子，人为因素的影响不显著；多因子协同作用的驱动力大于单因子，其中降水和气温因子的交互解释力最强；各冻土区驱动因子表现各异，针对不同冻土区，应采取因地制宜的生态治理政策. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Under the trend of frozen ground degradation caused by global warming， the study on the spatial-temporal evolution and driving forces of ecological environment quality in different frozen ground regions of the Three-River Headwater Region （TRHR） can provide a theoretical basis for regional ecological environment governance and ecological civilization construction. The remote sensing ecological index （RSEI） was constructed based on the MODIS data set of google earth engine from 2000 to 2022， and the spatial-temporal evolution of ecological environment quality in different frozen ground regions of the TRHR was explored by coefficient of variation， migration of gravity center， Theil-Sen slope estimation， Mann-Kendall test， and Hurst index. The driving force of natural and human factors on the spatial differentiation of ecological environment quality was compared and analyzed by Geodetector. The results showed that： ① From 2000 to 2022， the ecological environment quality of the TRHR was at a medium level as a whole， showing a spatial distribution pattern of “low in the northwest and high in the southeast” . Among them， the mean value of RSEI in different frozen ground regions were： predominantly continuous and island permafrost region （0.630） > mountain permafrost region （0.624） > middle-thick seasonally frozen ground region （0.587） > predominantly continuous permafrost region （0.429）. ② In the past 23 years， the ecological environment quality of the TRHR was improved as a whole， the rising rate of RSEI was 0.001 5 a-1， and the center of gravity of each grade of RSEI migrated to the interior of predominantly continuous permafrost region. More than 57.00% of the frozen ground regions showed an improvement trend， and the middle-thick seasonally frozen ground region reached 73.37%. ③ In the future， the ecological environment quality of the TRHR will be generally anti-sustained in the future， and the frozen ground regions will be dominated by a slight deterioration trend. The area of deterioration trend in the middle-thick seasonally frozen ground region will be the largest （61.95%）. ④ Precipitation was the dominant factor for the spatial differentiation of ecological environment quality in different frozen ground regions of the TRHR， and the influence of human factors was not significant. The driving force of the multi-factor synergy was greater than that of the single factor， and the interaction between precipitation and temperature factors had the strongest explanatory power. The driving factors of each frozen ground region were different， so ecological management policies should be tailored to local conditions in different frozen ground regions. |
