| 矿山修复模式对刺槐根际土壤微生物群落结构和功能的影响 |
| 摘要点击 267 全文点击 20 投稿时间：2024-05-20 修订日期：2024-07-17 |
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| 中文关键词 微生物群落结构 排土场 尾矿砂 客土 高通量测序 |
| 英文关键词 microbial community structure dumps tailings sands guest soil high-throughput sequencing |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 土壤微生物有助于矿区生态系统的恢复与重建,为探究中国冀北矿区3种矿山修复模式的土壤基质（客土、铁尾矿砂和排土场混合土）对植物根际微生物多样性和功能的影响,以刺槐为研究对象,利用土壤养分测定技术和高通量测序技术等方法对刺槐根际土壤环境、微生物群落结构及其耦合机制进行了探究.结果表明：①3种土壤基质中细菌和真菌种类和分布具有相似性.共有细菌2 402种,门水平下主要优势细菌群落为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）；共有真菌1 059种,真菌优势群落为子囊菌门（Ascomycota）.其中,客土与排土场土壤的相似性最高,共有细菌102种,真菌180种.②不同修复模式中的土壤基质环境因子有显著影响.客土的pH、SOM和TN等含量均显著高于其他类型的土壤.土壤酶活性与土壤养分的共同作用对细菌群落的影响最大,而土壤养分的单独作用对真菌群落的影响最大.③不同基质中的细菌和真菌群落结构和功能有显著差异.属水平下的细菌和真菌群落结构都与pH和TK呈现极显著相关性（P<0.01）,真菌结构与SUC呈现出显著相关性（P<0.05）.尾矿砂与排土场的细菌功能类似,主要为化能异养和有氧化能异养作用；3组中真菌的功能类似,不同营养型的主要功能各不相同.此项研究结论对后续矿区生态修复工作的有效进行和可持续发展有理论指导意义. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To explore the effects of soil substrates （guest soil, iron tailings sand, and dump mixed soil） on plant rhizosphere microbial diversity and function of three mine restoration modes in the northern Hebei mining area of China, the soil environment, microbial community structure, and coupling mechanism of rhizosphere soil were explored by soil nutrient determination technology and high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that： ① The species and distribution of bacteria and fungi in the three soil substrates were similar. There were 2 402 species of bacteria, and the dominant bacterial community was Proteobacteria. There were 1 059 species of fungi, and the dominant fungal community was Ascomycota. Among them, the similarity between the guest soil and the dump soil was the highest, with a total of 102 species of bacteria and 180 species of fungi. ② Soil substrate environmental factors in different remediation modes had significant effects. The contents of pH, SOM, and TN in guest soil were significantly higher than those of other types of soil. The combined effect of soil enzyme activity and soil nutrients had the greatest impact on the bacterial community, while the single effect of soil nutrients had the greatest impact on the fungal community. ③ There were significant differences in the structure and function of bacterial and fungal communities in different substrates. At the genus level, the bacterial and fungal community structure was significantly correlated with pH and TK （P<0.01）, and the fungal structure was significantly correlated with SUC （P<0.05）. The bacterial function of tailings sand was similar to that of the dump, which was mainly chemoheterotrophic and oxidative heterotrophic. The functions of fungi in the three groups were similar, and the main functions of different trophic types differed. The conclusions of this study have theoretical importance for the effective and sustainable development of the subsequent ecological restoration work in the mining area. |
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