| 基于PCA-PMF模型的松嫩平原西北缘莫旗地区土壤重金属来源解析 |
| 摘要点击 230 全文点击 19 投稿时间：2024-04-10 修订日期：2024-07-02 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 松嫩平原 黑土 土壤重金属 污染特征 源解析 |
| 英文关键词 Songnen Plain black soil soil heavy metals pollution characteristics source apportionment |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 松嫩平原西北缘莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗（莫旗）地区黑土资源分布广泛,是我国粮食生产先进县和内蒙古呼伦贝尔市岭东地区重要的农业主产区,因此开展土壤重金属分布特征及来源解析研究对防控松嫩平原西北缘生态环境风险和保护性利用黑土地具有重要意义.以莫旗地区黑土地表层土壤为研究对象,系统采集表层土壤样品共161件,分析土壤8种重金属元素（Cu、Pb、Ni、Cd、Cr、Zn、As和Hg）含量与空间分布特征,利用单因子污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对土壤重金属污染特征及其生态风险进行评价,并采用多元统计分析和正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型定量解析了重金属来源和贡献率.结果表明,研究区土壤重金属整体处于轻度污染水平,Pb（PI=1.38）、Zn（PI=1.32）和Cr（PI=1.32）为研究区主要土壤重金属污染元素.Cd与Hg变异程度为强变异（CV≥0.36）,Cd在17.39%的采样点显示中等生态风险,Hg在36.65%和3.11%的采样点表现为中等和较高生态风险,其他重金属元素潜在生态风险轻微.Cu、Ni和Cr的空间分布相似,三者间呈极显著正相关关系,主要来源于农业活动；Pb和As显著正相关,主要受交通工具与农业活动的影响；Cd和Zn空间分布相似,受农业活动的影响较高；Hg主要来源于自然母质.研究可为松嫩平原西北缘莫旗地区黑土地保护与农业重金属污染风险防控提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Black soil resources are widely distributed in Morin Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner （Moqi）, northwest margin of the Songnen Plain, which is an advanced county of grain production in China and an important agricultural producing area in the east of Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia. Carrying out research on distribution characteristics and source apportionment of heavy metals in soil is important for preventing and controlling ecological environmental risks and protecting black soil in the northwest margin of the Songnen Plain. A total of 161 surface soil sites were systematically collected from black soil in the Moqi area, and the contents and spatial distribution characteristics of eight heavy metals （Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd, Cr, Zn, As, and Hg） were analyzed. The characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution and its ecological risk were evaluated using the single factor pollution index and potential ecological risk index, and the sources and contribution rates were quantitatively analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis and positive definite matrix factorization （PMF） model. The results showed that： ① The overall heavy metal pollution level in the soil of the research area was light, with Pb（PI=1.38）, Zn（PI=1.32）, and Cr（PI=1.32） being the main heavy metal pollution elements. ② The degree of variation of Cd and Hg was strong （CV≥0.36）, Cd showed moderate ecological risk at 17.39% of the sampling sites, Hg showed moderate and high ecological risk at 36.65% and 3.11% of the sampling sites, and the potential ecological risk of the other heavy metals was slight. ③ The spatial distribution of Cu, Ni, and Cr was similar, and there was a highly significant positive correlation among them, mainly derived from agricultural activities； Pb was significantly positively correlated with As, mainly influenced by transportation and agricultural activities； Cd and Zn had similar spatial distribution and were highly influenced by agricultural activities； and Hg mainly came from soil parent material. This research can provide scientific basis for the protection of black soil and the prevention and control of agricultural heavy metal pollution risks in the Moqi area on the northwest edge of the Songnen Plain. |
|
|
|
