| 基于“水-土-碳”动态耦合的甘孜州生态系统服务综合评估 |
| 摘要点击 297 全文点击 20 投稿时间：2024-05-24 修订日期：2024-07-13 |
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| 中文关键词 “水-土-碳”动态耦合 生态系统服务 时空变化 综合评估 甘孜藏族自治州 |
| 英文关键词 dynamical coupling relationship of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services spatial and temporal variability comprehensive evaluation Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 甘孜州作为高寒生态脆弱区、长江和黄河上游重要的生态屏障,综合评估其生态系统服务对维持该区域可持续发展具有重要意义.以“水-土-碳”动态耦合关系为基础,借助水源平衡法-RULSE-InVEST生态系统服务组合模型核算2000~2020年甘孜州生态系统服务,采用空间自相关模型探究生态系统服务的空间异质性,构建生态系统服务综合评估模型定量评估该区域生态环境质量.结果表明：①时间尺度上,2000~2020年期间,土壤保持量减少0.255亿t,这与气候变化和人类活动导致土壤侵蚀加剧有关.水源涵养量和碳储量分别增加224.22亿m3和0.41亿t,这与实施退牧还草措施有关；②行政单元空间尺度上,2020年甘孜州生态系统服务均值呈“西北低东南高”的分布特征.水源涵养量、土壤保持量和碳储量高值分别在甘孜县、泸定县、九龙县,其值为512.44 mm、3 438.25 t·hm-2和34 658.28 t·km-2；③2020年甘孜州水源涵养-土壤保持和水源涵养-碳储量在行政单元-格网双尺度上均呈空间负相关,表现为权衡关系,低-低聚集分布在研究区东南部.碳储存-土壤保持呈空间正相关表现为协同关系,高-高聚集分布在研究区西北部；④行政单元尺度上,基于累加-累乘的生态系统服务综合评估得分均值呈“先增后减再增”的趋势,高值均在九龙县,其值分别在2.51~3.00和0.71~0.80；格网尺度上呈相同的变化趋势,高值分布在研究区东南部,其值分别在2.01~3.00和0.41~0.80.综上,研究结果和评估框架为甘孜州生态环境保护与修复提供理论依据,也为类似高寒生态脆弱区生态系统可持续发展提供参考. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, situated in the upper reaches of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, serves as an alpine ecologically fragile area and an important ecological barrier. Therefore, the comprehensive assessment of ecosystem services in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is important for maintaining sustainable development. Based on the dynamic coupling relationship of water-soil-carbon, this study utilizes the water balance method-RULSE-InVEST ecosystem services portfolio model to calculate the ecosystem services in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture from 2000 to 2020. Additionally, a spatial autocorrelation model is then employed to explore the spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem services. Consequently, a comprehensive assessment model for quantitatively evaluating the ecological environment quality in this region is constructed. The findings revealed that： ① On the time scale, soil conservation decreased by 25.5 million t from 2000 to 2020, which was related to increased soil erosion caused by climate change and human activities. However, water conservation and carbon storage increased by 22.422 billion m3 and 41 million t from 2000 to 2020, respectively, which was related to the implementation of the measures to return grazing land to grassland. ② From the spatial scale, the mean value of ecosystem service at administrative units exhibited a distribution pattern characterized by lower values in the northwest and higher values in the southeast. The southeastern region predominantly consisted of grassland and woodland vegetation coverage. Notably, Garzê, Luding, and Jiulong Counties recorded the highest values at 512.44 mm, 3 438.25 t·hm-2, and 34 658.28 t·km-2, respectively. ③ In 2020, water conservation-soil conservation and water conservation-carbon storage in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture showed negative spatial correlation on the dual scale of administrative unit and grid, and the low aggregation was distributed in the southeast of the study area. On the other hand, the spatial positive correlation between carbon storage and soil conservation showed a synergistic relationship, with high concentrations distributed in the northwest of the study area. ④ From the administrative unit perspective, the average score of ecosystem services comprehensive assessment based on accumulative and multiplicative showed a trend of first increase, then decrease, and then increase, with the highest values in Jiulong County ranging from 2.51 to 3.00 and 0.71 to 0.80, respectively. Similarly, from the grid scale perspective, the scores of ecosystem services comprehensive assessment also showed a trend of first increase, then decrease, and then increase, and the highest values were distributed in the southeast, with the values ranging from 2.01 to 3.00 and 0.41 to 0.80, respectively. In summary, the results of this study and the assessment framework provide a theoretical basis for ecological environment protection and restoration in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and also provide a reference for the sustainable development of ecosystems in similar alpine ecologically fragile areas. |
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