| 基于生态系统服务簇的生态功能区权衡与协同关系演变：以吐哈地区为例 |
| 摘要点击 250 全文点击 15 投稿时间：2024-04-26 修订日期：2024-07-06 |
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| 中文关键词 生态系统服务（ESs） 多重生态系统服务景观指数 生态系统服务簇（ESBs） 权衡与协同关系 时空动态 吐哈地区 |
| 英文关键词 ecosystem service（ESs） multiple ecosystem services landscape index ecosystem service bundles（ESBs） trade-off and synergistic relationships spatial and temporal dynamics Turpan-Hami Region |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 袁乐 | 新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830046
新疆大学绿洲生态重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830046 | 1015527217@qq.com | | 阿不都克依木·阿布力孜 | 新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830046
新疆大学绿洲生态重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830046 | keyimabliz@xju.edu.cn | | 于苏云江·吗米提敏 | 新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830046
新疆大学绿洲生态重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830046 | | | 克力木·买买提 | 新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830046
新疆大学绿洲生态重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830046 | | | 王军霞 | 新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830046
新疆大学绿洲生态重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830046 | | | 白少洁 | 新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830046
新疆大学绿洲生态重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830046 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 明确生态功能区的空间分布和组成结构,了解多种生态系统之间的权衡与协同关系的演变规律,对吐哈地区生态系统的科学管理和修复至关重要.研究旨在探索各生态系统服务簇的权衡协同关系,并根据生态特征制定差异化的生态管理策略.基于InVEST模型和价值当量法估算吐哈地区2000~2020年6种生态系统服务,即固碳量、产水量、土壤保持、生境质量、粮食生产和美学景观.通过计算多种生态系统服务景观指数（MESLI）量化不同区域的多种生态系统服务综合能力.使用SOFM算法识别生态系统服务簇,确定区域主导服务功能并划分生态功能区.最后,采用Spearman相关分析方法探究全域以及不同服务簇内各生态系统服务之间的权衡协同效应.结果表明：①2000~2020年,吐哈地区建设用地、耕地、水域和林地面积增长,其中建设用地增幅最大,草地和未利用土地的面积持续减少.②产水量、生境质量、土壤保持、美学景观、固碳量和粮食生产呈“北高南低”的空间分布格局,粮食生产高值区主要分布在山前平原绿洲内耕地区域.2000~2020年,固碳量和粮食生产年均值先增后减,美学景观先减后增,产水量逐年上升,土壤保持逐渐下降,2020年生境质量出现轻微下降.③MESLI值多年平均值为0.49,表明地区整体提供各种生态系统服务的能力较弱,生态系统结构的完整性较低.MESLI整体呈“中、西高,南低”的空间格局,具有明显的空间分异性.地区以低MESLI值为主,占总面积的79.46%.④识别出4种生态系统服务簇,分别为生态涵养簇、生态保护簇、粮食生产簇以及生态脆弱簇.生态脆弱簇面积占比最大,生态保护簇最小,具体顺序为：生态脆弱簇>生态涵养簇>粮食生产簇>生态保护簇；生态涵养簇提供多种生态系统服务能力最强,生态脆弱簇最弱.⑤吐哈地区全域尺度下,各生态系统服务间关系以协同为主；由于受区域土地利用类型和自然条件的影响,服务簇尺度下生态系统服务间的关系与全域尺度存在明显差异,且不同服务簇中相同服务组合的权衡/协同关系具有相似性和差异性.研究成果可为吐哈地区可持续发展和生态环境优化提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Clarifying the spatial distribution and compositional structure of the ecological functional zone and understanding the evolution of the trade-offs and synergies among multiple ecosystem services （ESs） are essential for scientific management and restoration of Turpan-Hami Region ecosystems. The objective of this study was to explore the driving forces of the trade-offs/synergies for each ecosystem service bundle （ESB） and to develop differentiated ecological management strategies based on the ecological characteristics. Six ecosystem services （carbon storage （CS）, water yield （WY）, soil retention （SR）, habitat quality （HQ）, food production （FP）, and aesthetic landscape provision （ALP））, were quantified in the Turpan-Hami Region. Based on this, the comprehensive ability of multiple ecosystem services in different regions was quantified by calculating the multiple ecosystem services landscape index （MESLI）. Then, the SOFM algorithm was used to identify the ESBs. According to the ecological structural characteristics of the ESBs, the ecological functional zones were divided. Furthermore, the trade-offs/synergies among the ESs in each ESB were analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis. The results showed that： ① The area of construction land in the Turpan-Hami Region increased the most from 2000 to 2020 at 87.10%, followed by cultivated land （13.47%）, and the area of grassland and unutilized land continued to decrease. ② In terms of temporal distribution, the mean value of FP in the Turpan-Hami Region increased and then decreased, the ALP decreased and then increased, WY showed an increasing trend, HQ and SR showed a gradual increasing trend, and no significant change was observed in the mean value of CS from 2000 to 2020. In terms of spatial distribution, the high value areas of WY, HQ, SR, ALP, and CS were all distributed in a contiguous pattern in the Tianshan Mountains Region. The high value areas of FP were mainly distributed in the croplands in the oases of the pre-mountain plains. ③ The mean value of MESLI in the Turpan-Hami Region was 0.49, indicating that the region as a whole had a weak capacity to provide multiple ecosystem services, and the integrity of the ecosystem structure was low. The overall spatial distribution of MESLI showed high in the center and west and low in the south, with obvious spatial differentiation. The area was dominated by low MESLI values, accounting for 79.46% of the total area. ④ The area was divided into four ESBs based on the clustering analysis： ecological conservation bundle （ECB）, ecological protection bundle （EPB）, food production bundle （FPB）, and ecologically fragile bundle （EFB）. The ECB accounted for 10.55%, which had the strongest ability to provide multiple ecosystem services （MESLI=1.88）. EPB was the smallest, accounting for 2.02% of the total area of the region. FPB accounted for 8.07% of the total area. EFB accounted for 79.36% of the total area of the region, and it had the weakest ability to provide multiple ecosystem services （MESLI=0.2）. ⑤ There were more synergistic relationships than trade-offs in the Turpan-Hami Region across the whole region. There were similarities and differences in trade-offs/synergies for the same combination of services in different service bundles. The research results can provide scientific basis for the sustainable development and ecological environment optimization in the Turpan-Hami Region. |
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