| 长江流域水体溶解性有机质组分特征及其影响因素研究进展 |
| 摘要点击 265 全文点击 19 投稿时间：2024-02-26 修订日期：2024-06-24 |
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| 中文关键词 溶解性有机质（DOM） 组分特征 长江流域 水体 三峡水库 垂向分层 |
| 英文关键词 dissolved organic matter（DOM） component characteristics Yangtze River Basin water body Three Gorges Reservoir vertical stratification |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 溶解性有机质（DOM）是由腐殖质、蛋白质等水溶性有机物组成的非均相的高度复杂的一类物质,其组分特征对流域内水环境中各类污染物的环境行为具有显著影响.综述了长江干支流水体DOM组分特征,探讨了长江流域DOM组分特征的多个影响因素,并对未来亟待解决的问题进行展望.长江流域水体DOM组分特征具有显著的时空异质性,主要表现为长江干支流、湖泊和水库（水平与垂向）在不同地理位置与季节的DOM浓度、芳香性、腐殖化程度、成分组成、分子多样性及其来源等特征具有显著差异,这种差异性主要受流域内气候水文、人类活动和沿程土地利用方式等因素影响.目前长江流域DOM组分特征的相关研究主要集中于表层水体,仍处于初级阶段.近年来随着傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱等技术手段的开发及应用,从分子水平上探究不同时空和环境条件下DOM的演变成为可能,建议尽快开展长江流域长序列-大尺度-多介质中DOM演变规律的研究工作,进一步揭示流域尺度下DOM组分特征变化对污染物环境地球化学行为及其生态效应的影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Dissolved organic matter （DOM） is a complex mixture that includes humus, proteins, and other water-soluble organic compounds. Its characteristics have a notable impact on the environmental behavior of various pollutants in the water environment within a basin. The characteristics of DOM components were conducted in both the mainstream and tributaries, with a discussion of the factors that influence DOM in the Yangtze River Basin. Finally, the future challenges to be addressed were identified. The compositional characteristics of DOM in the waters of the Yangtze River Basin showed significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity, which was mainly manifested by significant differences in DOM concentration, aromaticity, degree of humification, composition, molecular diversity, and source of the main tributaries, lakes, and reservoirs （horizontal and vertical） of the Yangtze River in different geographical locations and seasons. These differences were mainly influenced by climate and hydrology, human activities, and land use patterns along the river basin. Currently, research into the characteristics of DOM components in the Yangtze River Basin is still in its preliminary stages, with a particular focus on surface water bodies. In recent years, the development and application of Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and other technical means have enabled high-resolution analysis of DOM at the molecular level. It is recommended that a study be conducted immediately on the evolution of DOM component characteristics in the Yangtze River Basin over a long time series, large scale, and multiple media, to further reveal the influence, including changes in DOM component characteristics on the environmental geochemistry of pollutants and their ecological effects on a basin scale. |
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