| 丰年虾中聚苯乙烯微塑料的累积、清除及微生物组成和代谢响应 |
| 摘要点击 1061 全文点击 185 投稿时间：2024-03-18 修订日期：2024-05-11 |
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| 中文关键词 微塑料（MPs） 累积 清除 菌群构成 代谢通路 丰年虾 |
| 英文关键词 microplastics（MPs） accumulation clearance bacterial community metabolic pathway Artemia saline |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究不同特性微塑料（MPs）在浮游动物体内的累积动力学过程及生物响应,分析了不同浓度和粒径的聚苯乙烯微塑料（PS-MPs）在不同营养条件下于丰年虾（Artemia saline）体内的累积、清除过程和累积动力学参数,并利用微生物组学和代谢组学相结合的分析技术,解析了丰年虾体内微生物菌群构成及代谢功能的响应规律. 结果表明,PS-MPs在丰年虾体内的累积速率和清除速率均随暴露浓度增大而增大,呈现出浓度依赖性. 与之相反,PS-MPs在丰年虾体内的累积和清除与其暴露粒径显著负相关. 营养条件不同没有显著改变PS-MPs在丰年虾体内的累积动力学过程,表明短期喂食可能不会影响PS-MPs的吸收及清除. 与对照组相比,PS-MPs明显提升了丰年虾体内的微生物菌群多样性. 其中,变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和不动杆菌属（Acinetobacter）等菌群的占比分别升高了0.4倍和12.3倍,厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）等菌群的占比则分别下降了43%和86%,表明PS-MPs可能会通过抑制有益菌群和刺激有害菌群而导致丰年虾体内菌群失衡,引起机体代谢功能紊乱. 进一步研究发现,PS-MPs暴露导致丰年虾体内产生了2 311种差异代谢物,主要影响了嘧啶代谢和硫酸皮肤素/硫酸软骨素生物合成等代谢功能,从而对丰年虾产生了生物毒性效应. 不同特性MPs在浮游动物中的累积及生物胁迫可能会进一步影响水生系统的稳定性,导致难以预测的生态风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To investigate the accumulation kinetics of microplastics （MPs） with different characteristics in zooplankton and the related biological effects, the accumulation and clearance of polystyrene microplastics （PS-MPs） with different concentrations and particle sizes in brine shrimp （Artemiasaline） were analyzed under different nutritional conditions. The responses of microbial communities and metabolic functions in brine shrimp were revealed using the combination methods of microbiome and metabolome. The results showed that the accumulation and clearance rate of PS-MPs in brine shrimp increased with the increase in exposure concentrations, showing a concentration-dependent manner. On the contrary, the accumulation and clearance of PS-MPs in brine shrimp were negatively correlated with their particle sizes. The nutritional condition did not alter the accumulation kinetics of PS-MPs in brine shrimp, indicating that short-term feeding may have had no effect on the uptake and clearance of PS-MPs in brine shrimp. Compared to that in the control, exposure to PS-MPs significantly enhanced the diversity of the microbial community in brine shrimp. The proportions of Proteobacteria and Acinetobacter were increased by 0.4 folds and 12.3 folds, respectively, whereas the proportions of Firmicutes and Bacillus were decreased by 43% and 86%, respectively. This finding indicates that PS-MPs may have caused an imbalance of the bacterial community in brine shrimp by inhibiting the beneficial bacteria and stimulating the harmful bacteria, thus disrupting the metabolic function in brine shrimp. In addition, exposure to PS-MPs resulted in a production of 2 311 different metabolites in brine shrimp and mainly disrupted the pyrimidine metabolism and the biosynthesis of dermal sulfate/chondroitin sulfate in brine shrimp, leading to toxicity in the shrimp. The accumulation and biological effects of MPs with different characteristics in zooplankton may further affect the stability of aquatic systems, leading to unpredictable ecological risks. |
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