| 钝化剂与叶面阻控剂及其联合施用对镉污染农田的安全利用效果 |
| 摘要点击 1707 全文点击 209 投稿时间：2023-12-26 修订日期：2024-03-26 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 钝化剂 叶面阻控剂 镉污染农田 玉米小麦轮作 安全利用 |
| 英文关键词 passivator foliar inhibitor cadmium-contaminated farmland maize-wheat rotation safe use |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20241244 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王晓晶 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | 2493441377@qq.com | | 张东明 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | | | 赵少婷 | 西安市农业技术推广中心, 西安 710000 | | | 苏琪 | 西安市灞桥区畜牧兽医技术推广中心, 西安 710038 | | | 吕家珑 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | | | 代允超 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | daiyc2018@163.com |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究钝化剂与叶面阻控剂及其复合对镉（Cd）污染农田的影响,实现安全利用类耕地的安全生产,选取椰果壳生物炭、钙镁磷肥为土壤钝化剂,叶面硒肥为叶面阻控剂,通过小麦-玉米轮作试验,筛选出最佳的组合.结果表明：①通过钝化剂的施加,能不同程度地提高土壤pH值、有机质含量和CEC. ②施用钝化剂和叶面阻控剂后,小麦和玉米的籽粒产量均有不同程度的提高. ③各处理均可降低土壤有效态Cd含量,玉米季BFL处理（生物炭1 800 kg·hm-2 + 钙镁磷肥600 kg·hm-2 + 叶面阻控剂3 L·hm-2）效果最佳,较CK显著降低了13.85%；小麦季BF处理（生物炭1 800 kg·hm-2 + 钙镁磷肥600 kg·hm-2）效果最佳,较CK显著降低了11.21%. ④BF处理（生物炭1 800 kg·hm-2 + 钙镁磷肥600 kg·hm-2）对玉米和小麦根系、秸秆和籽粒Cd含量降低效果最佳,降低小麦和玉米根系Cd含量20.55%和27.81%、秸秆Cd含量11.39%和13.70%、籽粒Cd含量48.97%和50.44%.因此综合考虑各项指标,钝化剂联合叶面阻控剂,尤其是生物炭联合钙镁磷肥（BF）、生物炭和钙镁磷肥联合叶面阻控剂（BFL）能更有效地降低玉米和小麦对Cd的吸收转运和富集,可在安全利用类耕地上推广应用. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study sought to explore the effects of passivator, leaf inhibitor, and their combination on cadmium （Cd）-contaminated farmland and to realize the safe utilization of cultivated land. Coconut shell biochar and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer were selected as soil passivators and foliar selenium fertilizer was used as a foliar inhibitor. The best combination was selected through a wheat-maize rotation experiment. The results showed that： ① The soil pH, organic matter content, and CEC could be improved to varying degrees by the application of passivators. ② The grain yield of wheat and maize increased to different degrees after the application of the passivator and foliar inhibitor. ③ The BFL treatment （biochar 1 800 kg·hm-2 +calcium magnesium phosphate 600 kg hm-2 + foliar inhibitor 3 L·hm-2） during the maize season had the best effect, which was significantly lower than that in CK by 13.85%. The effect of the BF treatment （biochar 1 800 kg·hm-2 + calcium magnesium phosphate 600 kg·hm-2） in wheat season was the best, which was significantly reduced by 11.21% compared with that in CK. ④ The BF treatment （biochar 1 800 kg·hm-2 + calcium magnesium phosphate 600 kg·hm-2） had the best effect on reducing Cd content in roots, straws, and grains of maize and wheat, reducing Cd content in roots of wheat and maize by 20.55% and 27.81%, Cd content in straws by 11.39% and 13.70%, and Cd content in grains by 48.97% and 50.44%, respectively. Therefore, considering all the indexes, the combination of passivators and foliar inhibitor, especially biochar combined with calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and biochar and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer combined with foliar inhibitor, could more effectively reduce the absorption, transport, and enrichment of Cd in maize and wheat and could be popularized and applied in safe use cultivated land. |
|
|
|
