| 水中胞外抗性基因的污染与富集回收方法的研究进展 |
| 摘要点击 2237 全文点击 212 投稿时间：2024-01-10 修订日期：2024-03-21 |
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| 中文关键词 抗生素 胞外抗性基因（eARGs） 水体污染 富集与回收 健康风险 |
| 英文关键词 antibiotics extracellular antibiotic resistance genes（eARGs） water pollution enrichment and recovery methods health risks |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 抗生素广泛应用于治疗细菌感染等疾病,然而抗生素的滥用导致了抗性细菌和胞内胞外抗性基因的传播扩散,使我国成为抗生素耐药性发生率最高的国家之一,威胁大众健康.作为环境新污染物之一的胞外抗性基因可长期存在于水中,通过基因水平转移在不同细菌之间进行传递,从而导致抗药性的传播.目前受限于检测分析方法,水中胞外抗性基因的深入研究鲜见报道,无法对其进行有效的监管与风险评估.基于文献分析与调研,阐述了水中胞外抗性基因的污染来源、现状及特征,比对分析了其富集与回收方法的优缺点,并通过实践案例对富集与回收方法进行验证,以期为探讨水中胞外抗性基因对抗生素抗药性传播等研究提供理论借鉴,为胞外抗性基因的阻控及其健康风险评估提供技术依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Antibiotics are widely used to treat diseases such as bacterial infections. However, the abuse of antibiotics has led to the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria and intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes, making China one of the countries with the highest incidence of antibiotic resistance and thus threatening public health. Extracellular antibiotic resistance genes, as one of the novel environmental pollutants, could exist in water for a long time and could be transmitted between different bacteria through horizontal gene transfer, resulting in the spread of antibiotic resistance. At present, due to the limitation of enrichment and recovery methods, the in-depth studies of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes in water have been rarely reported. Thus, it is impossible to carry out effective supervision and risk assessments. Based on literature analysis and investigation, the pollution sources, current situations, and characteristics of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes in water are expounded. Meanwhile, the advantages and disadvantages of their enrichment and recovery methods are compared and analyzed and the enrichment and recovery methods are verified and discussed through practical cases. These provide theoretical reference for studies such as examining extracellular antibiotic resistance genes in water on their transmission and provide a technical basis for antibiotic resistance control and health risk assessments of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes. |
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