| 城镇污水厂微塑料赋存形态、组分及去除效率全流程分析与归趋行为 |
| 摘要点击 964 全文点击 241 投稿时间：2023-05-19 修订日期：2023-09-26 |
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| 中文关键词 城镇污水处理厂 微塑料 去除效果 赋存特征 环境风险 |
| 英文关键词 urban sewage treatment plant microplastics removal effect occurrence characteristics environmental risk |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 米家辉 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | yangzhiyuzhong@163.com | | 卢俊平 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018
内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010018 | lujunping2008@163.com | | 刘廷玺 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018
内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 刘禹 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018
内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 史小红 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018
内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 张晓晶 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018
内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 石震宇 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 刘莹慧 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 微塑料是污水处理厂最难去除的新型污染物之一. 为探究污水厂微塑料颗粒赋存形态、尺寸分布、组分、去除效率、泥水中的迁移规律及归趋行为特征,以呼和浩特市某污水处理厂为例,布置17个采样点,并对水厂按月取样对出水进行全年检测分析,借助LAS X软件对微塑料的形状、丰度和尺寸进行统计,并展开全流程分析. 结果表明,纤维状微塑料丰度最高且分布最广,是主要的存在形态,占总丰度的61.8%；微塑料尺寸主要介于0~1.00 mm之间,4种尺寸中0.25~0.50 mm的微塑料丰度最多,占比32.9%. 检测到的8种塑料成分中,以聚酯类物质（PET、PBT）、纤维素和聚丙烯（PP）成分为主,占比分别为25%、21%和17%. 污水厂进水丰度为（73 ±5）n·L-1,出水丰度为（14 ±2）n·L-1,整体去除率为（80.8 ±12.1）%. 污水厂3个处理阶段中,只有一级处理起到了去除作用,微塑料在二级处理中丰度出现了激增. 不同构筑物对微塑料起到主要去除作用的是细格栅（49.2 ±7.4）%和二沉池（92.4 ±13.9）%. 微塑料主要以纤维状、碎片状和薄膜状存在,纤维状占比在70%左右,碎片状尺寸主要集中在0.50~5.00 mm之间,占比从大于0.50 mm以后开始上升,尺寸在1.00~5.00 mm范围内最多,占比为50%,成为超过纤维状存在的主要形态. 薄膜状尺寸多集中在小于0.50 mm范围内,占比在10%以上. 因此,提高小尺寸纤维状与薄膜状微塑料与大尺寸碎片状微塑料颗粒的去除可以有效地降低污水处理厂排水对环境中微塑料的污染风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Microplastics are among the most difficult new pollutants to remove in wastewater treatment plants. In order to explore the occurrence form, size distribution, composition, removal efficiency, migration law, and fate behavior characteristics of microplastic particles in sewage plants, taking a sewage treatment plant in Hohhot as an example, a total of 17 sampling sites were set up. The LAS X software counted the shape, abundance, and size of microplastics and conducted a full-process analysis. The results showed that： fibrous microplastics had the highest abundance and widest distribution and were the main form of existence, accounting for 61.8% of the total abundance； the size of microplastics ranged mainly between 0 and 1.00 mm, and among the four sizes, the abundance of microplastics 0.25 to 0.50 mm in China was the highest, accounting for 32.9%. Among the eight types of plastic components detected, polyester substances （PET, PBT）, cellulose, and polypropylene （PP） were the main components, accounting for 25%, 21%, and 17%, respectively. The influent abundance of the sewage plant was （73 ±5） n·L-1, the effluent abundance was （14 ±2） n·L-1, and the overall removal rate was （80.8 ±12.1）%. Among the three treatment stages of the sewage plant, only the primary treatment played a role in removal, and the abundance of microplastics surged in the secondary treatment. Different structures playing a major role in the removal of microplastics were fine grids （49.2 ±7.4）% and secondary sedimentation tanks （92.4 ±13.9）%. Microplastics mainly existed in the form of fibers, fragments, and films. The proportion of fibers was approximately 70%, and the size of fragments was mainly concentrated between 0.50 and 5.00 mm. Most fragments were in the range of 5.00 mm, accounting for 50%, making them the main form apart from fibrous. The film-like size was mostly concentrated in the range of less than 0.50 mm, accounting for more than 10%. Therefore, improving the removal of small-sized fibrous and film-like microplastics and large-sized fragmented microplastic particles can effectively reduce the pollution risk of microplastics in the environment caused by sewage plant drainage. |
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