| 水体微塑料丰度与氮代谢功能微生物及基因的响应关系 |
| 摘要点击 756 全文点击 158 投稿时间：2023-07-06 修订日期：2023-09-15 |
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| 中文关键词 微塑料(MPs) 淡水 氮代谢 功能微生物 功能基因 |
| 英文关键词 microplastics(MPs) fresh water nitrogen metabolism functional microorganism functional genes |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王志超 | 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010
黄河流域内蒙古段生态保护与综合利用自治区协同创新中心, 包头 014010 | wzc5658@126.com | | 马钰 | 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010
黄河流域内蒙古段生态保护与综合利用自治区协同创新中心, 包头 014010 | | | 李雅馨月 | 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010
黄河流域内蒙古段生态保护与综合利用自治区协同创新中心, 包头 014010 | | | 李晨曦 | 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010
黄河流域内蒙古段生态保护与综合利用自治区协同创新中心, 包头 014010 | | | 高静湉 | 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010
黄河流域内蒙古段生态保护与综合利用自治区协同创新中心, 包头 014010 | | | 李卫平 | 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010
黄河流域内蒙古段生态保护与综合利用自治区协同创新中心, 包头 014010 | sjlwp@163.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 微塑料（MPs）作为新型污染物对水体的污染影响已成为研究热点.为探究淡水环境中MPs丰度与氮代谢功能之间的响应关系,以乌梁素海为研究对象,借助蔡司显微镜检测水体中MPs丰度,并利用宏基因测序分析水体中氮代谢功能菌群及功能基因的分布特征,使用相关性分析法对MPs丰度与氮代谢功能微生物和氮代谢功能基因之间的作用关系进行探讨分析.结果表明,淡水环境中MPs对优势菌门中蓝细菌门和厚壁菌门的影响更高,MPs的存在会促进其富集和生长；优势菌属中对分枝杆菌属的促进和对Candidatus_Planktophila的抑制更明显,进一步说明在淡水环境中MPs会通过影响微生物群落而影响氮正常代谢,并且碳氮固定和反硝化等途径是MPs影响氮代谢的重要途径.从氮代谢功能基因角度分析,发现MPs丰度对硝化（pmoA-amoA、pmoB-amoB、pmoC-amoC）、反硝化（nirK、napA）和异化硝酸盐还原（nrfA）过程中部分功能基因存在显著影响（P < 0.05）,并且MPs丰度对氮代谢相同途径不同功能基因的影响存在差异性,因此MPs在水环境中的影响非常复杂,对水环境的危害不容忽视. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The impact of microplastics (MPs) as a new type of pollutant on water pollution has become a research hotspot. To explore the response relationship between the abundance of MPs and nitrogen metabolism function in a freshwater environment, Lake Ulansuhai was used as the research object; the abundance of MPs in the water was detected using a Zeiss microscope, and the distribution characteristics of nitrogen metabolism functional bacteria and functional genes in the water were analyzed using metagenomics sequencing. The correlation analysis method was used to explore the relationship between the abundance of MPs and nitrogen metabolism functional microorganisms and nitrogen metabolism functional genes. The results showed that the presence of MPs in freshwater environments had a higher impact on Cyanobacteria and Firmicutes as the dominant phyla, and the presence of MPs promoted their enrichment and growth. Among the dominant bacterial genera, MPs promoted the growth of Mycobacterium and inhibited Candidatus_Planktopila more significantly, further indicating that in freshwater environments, MPs affected normal nitrogen metabolism by affecting microbial communities, and pathways such as carbon and nitrogen fixation and denitrification were important pathways for MPs to affect nitrogen metabolism. From the perspective of nitrogen metabolism functional genes, it was found that the abundance of MPs significantly affected some functional genes during nitrification (pmoA-amoA, pmoB-amoB, and pmoC-amoC), denitrification (nirK and napA), and dissimilatory nitrate reduction (nrfA) processes (P < 0.05). Moreover, the influence of MPs abundance on different functional genes in the same pathway of nitrogen metabolism varied, making the impact of MPs on aquatic environments very complex; thus, its harm to the water environment cannot be underestimated. |
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