| 长期秸秆还田褐土有机碳矿化特征及其驱动力 |
| 摘要点击 442 全文点击 91 投稿时间：2023-05-18 修订日期：2023-07-08 |
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| 中文关键词 秸秆还田 土壤有机碳（SOC） 碳库管理指数（CPMI） 有机碳矿化 玉米 |
| 英文关键词 straw returning to field soil organic carbon（SOC） carbon pool management index（CPMI） organic carbon mineralization corn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 基于连续30 a（1992~2021年）秸秆还田长期定位试验,按照等碳量秸秆还田,设置秸秆覆盖还田（SM）、秸秆粉碎直接还田（SC）、秸秆过腹还田（CM）和秸秆不还田（CK）这4个处理,探讨长期不同秸秆还田方式对土壤有机碳、土壤活性有机碳组分、土壤碳库管理指数、酶活性和土壤有机碳矿化的影响,揭示春玉米连作体系褐土有机碳矿化特征及其主要驱动因子,为褐土区秸秆还田措施优化和固碳减排等提供科学依据.结果表明：①秸秆还田处理均提高了褐土土壤有机碳含量,CM处理提高幅度最大,且碳库管理指数提升效果最显著.②SC和CM处理的活性碳组分含量均上升,而SM处理的易氧化有机碳含量显著降低.③温度每升高10℃,矿化速率约提升7.99 mg·（kg·d）-1.不同秸秆还田处理土壤有机碳矿化速率顺序为：CM>SC>SM>CK.④低温（15~25℃）条件下,CM处理的温度敏感性最低,最有利于碳库的积累,能有效提高土壤有机碳库周转速率,缩短周转时间,可作为褐土管理的最佳秸秆还田模式.⑤温度、土壤中β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶活性和DOC是褐土土壤有机碳矿化的主要驱动力.有机碳组分和温度可以通过影响土壤酶活性,进而影响土壤有机碳的矿化. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Based on a 30-year long-term positioning experiment of straw returning （1992-2021）, four treatments were set according to equal carbon content of straw returning： straw mulching （SM）, straw crushing （SC）, cattle manure after straw using as fodder （CM）, and control with no straw return （CK）. The study aimed to investigate the effects of different straw returning methods on soil organic carbon, soil active organic carbon components, soil carbon pool management index, enzyme activity, and soil organic carbon mineralization and to reveal the characteristics and main driving factors of organic carbon mineralization in the brown soil of spring maize continuous cropping systems, providing a scientific basis for the optimization of straw returning measures and carbon sequestration and emission reduction in brown soil areas. The results showed that： ① straw returning treatments increased soil organic carbon content in brown soil, with the CM treatment increasing the most and the carbon pool management index increasing the most significantly. ② The active carbon content of the SC and CM treatments increased, whereas the easily oxidized organic carbon content of the SM treatment decreased significantly. ③ The soil organic carbon mineralization rate increased by 7.99 mg·（kg·d）-1 when the temperature increased by 10 °C. The order of the soil organic carbon mineralization rate under different straw returning treatments was as follows： CM > SC > SM > CK. ④ Under low temperature （15-25℃） conditions, the temperature sensitivity was the lowest in the CM treatment and was the most beneficial for carbon pool accumulation. It could effectively improve the soil organic carbon pool turnover rate and shorten the turnover time, which could be used as the best straw returning mode for brown soil management. ⑤ Temperature； β-1,4-glucosidase activity； and DOC were the main driving forces of soil organic carbon mineralization in brown soil. Organic carbon components and temperature could affect soil organic carbon mineralization by influencing soil enzyme activity. |
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