| 水环境中抗病毒药物的存在、行为与风险 |
| 摘要点击 1358 全文点击 103 投稿时间：2023-04-22 修订日期：2023-06-26 |
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| 中文关键词 抗病毒药物（ATVs） 分析方法 存在状况 环境行为 风险评估 |
| 英文关键词 antiviral drugs（ATVs） analysis method existence environmental behavior risk assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 当前,甲型流感病毒与新冠病毒感染流行,抗病毒药物（ATVs）被大量使用,并通过各种污染途径不断排放到水环境中,已成为一类新污染物.ATVs能长期存在于水环境中,并表现出“假持久性”,使易感生物或病毒产生耐药性,对水生生物和人类产生不可忽视的潜在威胁.ATVs在废水和天然水环境中的浓度水平、环境行为以及生态毒理效应备受关注,在梳理文献的基础上,发现在水环境中ATVs的分析方法、迁移转化和风险评估研究方面取得了突破.通过收集全球不同区域水体中ATVs的数据,对其污染途径、分析方法、环境存在、行为与风险进行了总结,介绍了水中ATVs常用的前处理和仪器分析方法,重点探讨了其在地表水环境中的污染现状、分布特征与迁移转化行为,评述了其对环境水域生态和人类健康的潜在风险,最后对其监测研究、风险识别和污染防治进行了展望. |
| 英文摘要 |
| With the pandemic of influenza A virus and coronavirus infection, antiviral drugs （ATVs） have been widely used and continuously released into surface water through various pollution pathways, so they are regarded as a class of emerging pollutants in the environment. ATVs can exist in the aqueous environment for a long time and show “pseudo-persistence”, enabling susceptible organisms or viruses to develop drug resistance. Their existence is a potential threat to aquatic organisms and human beings, which cannot be ignored. The concentration levels, environmental behavior, and ecotoxicological effects of ATVs in wastewater and the natural water environment have attracted much attention. Based on previous literature, we found some breakthroughs in analysis methods, migration and transformation, and risk assessment of ATVs in the aqueous environment. Through collecting data on ATVs in different regions of global water bodies, this study summarized their pollution pathways, analytic methods, environmental existence, behavior, and risk. The commonly used pretreatment and instrumental analysis methods of ATVs in water were recommended, and the pollution situation, distribution characteristics, and migration and transformation behavior of ATVs in surface water were thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, the potential ecological and human health risks of ATVs exposure in environmental waters were highlighted. Finally, the research prospects regarding the monitoring research, risk identification, and pollution prevention of ATVs were proposed. |
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