| 农村黑臭水体沉积物细菌群落结构特征 |
| 摘要点击 3176 全文点击 862 投稿时间：2022-11-13 修订日期：2023-01-28 |
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| 中文关键词 农村黑臭水体 细菌群落 微生物多样性 相关性分析 表层沉积物 |
| 英文关键词 rural black and odorous water bodies bacterial communities microbial diversity correlation analysis surface sediments |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20231131 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 沉积物微生物是农村黑臭水体物质循环和有机物降解等过程的主要驱动者，其群落结构组成常因外界环境的微小变化而变化.以菏泽市东明县29个农村黑臭水体为研究对象，测定农村黑臭水体上覆水和沉积物氮、磷及重金属等污染物指标，结合Illumina测序结果，分析农村黑臭水体沉积物细菌群落组成和多样性特征及其与环境因子的相关性.结果表明，该区域农村黑臭水体上覆水和沉积物中污染物分布范围均较广.与农业面源相比，以农村生活污水为主要污染来源的农村黑臭水体上覆水中氮、磷污染物浓度更高，分别是农业面源的3.1倍和1.5倍.此外，该区域农村黑臭水体沉积物中重金属含量处于较低水平，普遍低于菏泽市土壤元素背景值.该区域农村黑臭水体沉积物细菌群落的优势菌门为变形菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门、厚壁菌门和酸杆菌门，这5种优势菌门的序列总和占全部序列的70.3%~83.6%.γ-变形菌纲、α-变形菌纲、厌氧绳菌纲和放线菌纲是沉积物细菌群落的优势菌纲；硫杆菌属和假节杆菌属是其优势菌属.Spearman相关性分析结果表明，环境因子中DO、COD、TN、TP和有机质对农村黑臭水体沉积物细菌菌属有显著影响（P<0.05），沉积物细菌群落丰富度受TN的影响显著（P<0.05）.研究结果可为农村黑臭水体治理提供微生物学方面的理论依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Sediment microorganisms are the main drivers of the material circulation and organic matter degradation processes in rural black and odorous water bodies(RBOWB), and the community structure of sediment microorganisms follows the changes in the external environment. Here, the pollutant indicators, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals in the overlying water and sediment of 29 RBOWB in Dongming County of Heze City were measured, respectively. Combined with Illumina sequencing results, the composition and diversity characteristics of sediment bacterial communities in RBOWB and their correlation with environmental factors were further analyzed. The experimental results showed a wide distribution of pollutants in both of the overlying water and sediment in the RBOWB of this region. Compared with agricultural non-point source pollution, the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the overlying water with domestic sewage as the main source of pollution were 3.1 and 1.5 times higher than those of agricultural non-point source pollution, respectively. In addition, the contents of heavy metals in the sediments of RBOWB were generally lower than the soil element background value in Heze City. The dominant bacteria phyla in the sediments of the RBOWB were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Acidobacteria, and the total abundance of these five dominant phyla accounted for 70.3%-83.6% of all sequences. The dominant classes were γ-Proteobacteria, α-Proteobacteria, Anaerolineae, and Actinobacteria. The dominant genera were Thiobacillus and Pseudarthrobacter. Moreover, Spearman correlation analysis showed that the environmental factors of DO, COD, TN, TP, and organic matter exerted significant effects(P<0.05) on sediment bacterial genera in RBOWB, and sediment bacterial community richness was significantly influenced by TN(P<0.05). The above results provided the microbiological knowledge for treating RBOWB. |
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